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首页> 外文会议>2002 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings Aug 18-23, 2002 Pacific Grove, California >Standing By in Central Europe: A Survey of Hungarian, Romanian and Bulgarian Residences
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Standing By in Central Europe: A Survey of Hungarian, Romanian and Bulgarian Residences

机译：在中欧待命：对匈牙利，罗马尼亚和保加利亚住所的调查

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摘要

In recent years, several developed countries have launched a concerted effort towards reducing standby electricity losses in household appliances and information technology (IT) equipment. Unnecessarily consumed electricity poses a special burden for the residents of Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries. Electricity prices have risen drastically during the past decade in these countries, with incomes stagnating or losing their value, thus paying utility bills has become a major problem for a wide group of consumers. In addition, the old and often obsolete appliance stocks in these countries are in dynamic turnover. Thus, early policy action to reduce standby consumption of newly purchased appliances in these tunes of dynamic market changes can have a major long-term impact. However, to the knowledge of the authors, no comprehensive studies have been conducted exploring the extent of the problem in CEE yet. A team at the Central European University (CEU) has attempted to establish the baseline for standby electricity consumption in the region. The research included measurement of appliances and IT equipment in 99 households in 3 countries ― Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria ―, and interviews about residents' awareness of the standby problem and possible mitigation measures. The results of the measurements have been used to develop national indicators related to standby losses for these countries. Our findings show that the current figures used internationally (e.g., by the IEA) are underestimates. The interviews show that there is a very limited awareness of the problem and possible solutions among consumers, while most of them would be willing to modify their behaviour in order to cut electricity bills.
机译：近年来，一些发达国家共同努力减少了家用电器和信息技术（IT）设备中的备用电力损耗。不必要地消耗电力给中欧和东欧（CEE）国家的居民带来特殊负担。在过去的十年中，这些国家的电价急剧上涨，收入停滞不前或失去了价值，因此，支付水电费已成为广大消费者的主要问题。此外，这些国家中旧的且经常过时的电器库存处于动态变化中。因此，在这些动态的市场变化中，为减少新购买设备的待机消耗而采取的早期政策行动可能会产生重大的长期影响。然而，据作者所知，尚未进行全面的研究以探讨中东欧地区问题的严重性。中欧大学（CEU）的一个小组试图建立该地区待机电力消耗的基准。该研究包括对匈牙利，罗马尼亚和保加利亚3个国家的99户家庭的家用电器和IT设备进行测量，并就居民对待机问题的认识以及可能的缓解措施进行了访谈。测量结果已用于制定与这些国家的备用损失有关的国家指标。我们的调查结果表明，国际上（例如IEA）使用的当前数据被低估了。访谈表明，消费者对问题和可能的解决方案的了解非常有限，而他们中的大多数人愿意改变自己的行为以减少电费。

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