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Oceanographic applications of precise geodesy and airborne altimetry

机译:精确大地测量学和机载测高的海洋学应用

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The geoid is the gravity equipotential surface that approximates global mean sea-level (msl), and if sufficiently accurate, can provide a reference surface useful for water level measurement systems in oceanography and hydrography. An accurate geoid can be used to connect the ellipsoid referenced positioning capabilities of GPS with sea-level referenced quantities. The US Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) and the Danish National Survey and Cadastre (KMS) have been developing capabilities in airborne gravity and altimetry that can simultaneously improve the geoid, provide precise water level profiles and transfer absolute vertical coordinates to tide-gages and bottom-moored inverted echo-sounder or pressure gage systems. Examples of high-precision geodesy and altimetry in the Gulf of Mexico demonstrate the general possibilities of the technique and its potential application to the Baltic. Recent airborne gravity surveys of the Baltic performed by KMS, when combined with regional historical terrestrial and marine gravity measurements and the new intermediate wavelength gravity data from the CHAMP and GRACE satellite gravity missions allow the production of a precise gravimetric geoid for the area. This msl reference can provide a unified vertical reference frame for water-level measurement systems and future advanced circulation models of water level and currents in the Baltic.
机译:大地水准面是近似于全球平均海平面(msl)的重力等势面,如果足够精确,则可以提供可用于海洋学和水文学中水位测量系统的参考面。可以使用精确的大地水准面将GPS的椭球参考定位功能与海平面参考数量联系起来。美国海军研究实验室(NRL)和丹麦国家调查暨地籍(KMS)一直在开发航空重力和测高仪的能力,这些能力可以同时改善大地水准面,提供精确的水位剖面并将绝对垂直坐标传递到潮汐计和海底-停泊倒置的回声测深仪或压力计系统。墨西哥湾高精度大地测量学和测高仪的例子证明了该技术的普遍可能性及其在波罗的海地区的潜在应用。 KMS近期对波罗的海进行的空中重力调查与区域历史地面和海洋重力测量以及CHAMP和GRACE卫星重力任务提供的新的中波重力数据相结合,可以为该地区生成精确的重力大地水准面。该msl参考可以为水位测量系统和波罗的海未来水位和水流的高级循环模型提供统一的垂直参考框架。

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