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首页> 外文会议>2004 Water quality technology conference and exposition (2004 WQTC) >We Have Tested It All! See What We Have Found Works for HighBromide and TOC Surface Waters
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We Have Tested It All! See What We Have Found Works for HighBromide and TOC Surface Waters

机译：我们已经测试了一切！看看我们发现适用于HighBromide和TOC地表水的方法

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Over the past several years the Sweetwater Authority has piloted and full scale testedrnseveral treatment technologies for the treatment of surface waters with high bromide andrntotal organic carbon (TOC) concentrations. These treatment systems includedrnconventional treatment with enhanced coagulation, ozone with pH suppression, chlorinerndioxide, dissolved air floatation (DAF), MF membranes, UF membranes, and MIEX.rnEach of these treatment systems, while viable solutions if operated under certainrnconditions, presented particular challenges. During the testing of these systems it becamernapparent that no single treatment solution would work for all of the issues thatrnSweetwater Authority faced.rnThe raw water supply to the Perdue Water Treatment Plant is the Sweetwater Reservoir.rnThis surface water impoundment receives local run-off and can provide raw water inrnsufficient quantities to comprise 20% of the average 10-year demand cycle. Howeverrnthough it is a low cost water supply there are some significant difficulties associated withrntreating it. Typical bromide concentrations can be as high as 0.8 mg/L and TOC can bernas high as 8 mg/L with specific UV absorbance (SUVA) greater than 2 L/mg-m. Oftenrnenhanced coagulation requirements can be meet with a SUVA value of less than 2.0, butrnfor a significant period during high demands and poor raw water quality this can not bernmeet. Disinfection by products also becomes a concern with TTHM formation in excessrnof 120 ppb, even with chloramines in the distribution system. Additionally, following therndosing of ammonia to form chloramines, after only 2 1/2 minutes of free chlorine contactrnTHM levels will continue to rise by over 30 ppb within the plant and distribution system.rnWith these issues and pending regulatory requirements, it is imperative that SweetwaterrnAuthority selects the appropriate treatment technology.rnAll of the above mentioned treatment technologies offered differing benefits and ways tornmeet the regulatory requirements. While there is no silver bullet for the issues that arernfaced, there are combinations of technologies that will allow Sweetwater Authority tornmeet the regulatory requirements. However, just meeting the regulatory requirements isrnnot enough; it is equally important to meet the economic constraints that SweetwaterrnAuthority, like all utilities, are facing. This paper attempts to shed some additional lightrnon these issues and provide another potential means and experience set for which otherrnorganizations may utilize during their selection process.
机译：在过去的几年中，甜水局已对多种处理技术进行了试验和全面测试，以处理高溴化物和总有机碳（TOC）浓度的地表水。这些处理系统包括常规的强化混凝处理，具有抑制pH值的臭氧，二氧化氯，溶解气浮（DAF），MF膜，UF膜和MIEX。每种处理系统，如果在某些条件下运行可行的解决方案，都面临着特殊的挑战。在对这些系统进行测试期间，很明显，没有一种单一的处理方法可以解决所有面临的问题–斯威特水务局。·Perdue水处理厂的原水供应是甜水水库。提供的原水量不足，无法构成平均10年需求周期的20％。然而，尽管这是一种低成本的供水，但是与处理有关的一些重大困难。典型的溴化物浓度可以高达0.8 mg / L，TOC可以达到8 mg / L，而特定的UV吸收率（SUVA）大于2 L / mg-m。 SUVA值小于2.0时，通常可以满足增强的混凝要求，但是在高需求和较差的原水水质下的相当长一段时间内，这不能满足要求。即使在分配系统中使用氯胺，副产物的消毒也要引起过量120 ppb的TTHM的形成。此外，在将氨计量加入氯胺后，仅与游离氯接触2 1/2分钟后，装置和分配系统中的THM含量将继续上升30 ppb以上。鉴于这些问题和未决的法规要求，Sweetwaterrn势在必行选择合适的处理技术。所有上述处理技术都提供了不同的好处和满足监管要求的方式。虽然没有解决这些问题的灵丹妙药，但有多种技术组合可以使Sweetwater Authority满足监管要求。但是，仅仅满足法规要求还不够。与所有公用事业一样，应对SweetwaterrnAuthority面临的经济限制也同样重要。本文试图减轻这些问题的影响，并提供其他组织在选择过程中可以利用的另一种潜在手段和经验。

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