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NANOSEP: Removal of Nanoparticles using optimized conventional processes

机译:NANOSEP:使用优化的常规工艺去除纳米颗粒

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摘要

Nanoparticles can be of 3 types: one-dimensional (nanotubes), two-dimensional (flat shape)rnor three-dimensional (sphere) and at least one of these 3 dimensions must measure less thanrn100 nm. Recently we have seen an explosion of the human production of nanoparticles due tornincreased commercialization and new technologies. If the harmful effects on human health ofrnairborne nanoparticles is well documented [1], [2], the effects on human health of waterbornernnanoparticles however, are only related in a few in vivo studies. For these reasons it isrnnecessary to assess the efficiency of conventional water treatment steps to stop nanoparticlesrnspreading into the environment. Based on the yearly tonnage produced in Francernnanoparticles of silicon dioxide (SiO_2) and titanium dioxide (TiO_2) were selected for thisrnstudy. Both laboratory scale and pilot scale experiments were performed in Le Pecq, France,rnwith tap water and raw Seine River water spiked with these nanoparticles. Two mainrnclarification processes were tested at pilot scale to assess the nanoparticles removalrnperformances: lamellar settling and dissolved air flotation.rnResults show that SiO_2 nanoparticles are nearly completely removed using lamellar settlingrnprocess. Concerning the dissolved air flotation technology, results show that the presence ofrnnatural organic matters and suspended solids enhanced the global performance of the processrnfor turbidity removal.
机译:纳米粒子可以是3种类型:一维(纳米管),二维(平面)或三维(球体),这3个维度中的至少一个必须小于100 nm。最近,由于日益增加的商业化和新技术,我们已经看到了纳米颗粒人类生产的爆炸式增长。如果空气中携带的纳米颗粒对人体健康的有害影响得到了充分的证明[1],[2],那么水硼烷纳米颗粒对人体健康的影响仅在一些体内研究中相关。由于这些原因,有必要评估常规水处理步骤以阻止纳米颗粒扩散到环境中的效率。根据法国每年生产的吨位,选择二氧化硅(SiO_2)和二氧化钛(TiO_2)的纳米颗粒进行研究。在法国Le Pecq进行了实验室规模和中试规模的实验,分别用自来水和塞纳河原水加标了这些纳米粒子。在中试规模上测试了两种主要澄清工艺,以评估纳米颗粒的去除性能:层状沉降和溶解气浮。结果表明,采用层状沉降工艺几乎可以完全去除SiO_2纳米颗粒。关于溶解气浮技术,结果表明,天然有机物和悬浮固体的存在增强了除浊工艺的整体性能。

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