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A case study on alleviating electric transmission congestion using dynamic thermal rating methodology

机译：动态热额定值方法缓解电力传输拥堵的案例研究

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摘要

Electric transmission congestion has always been a longstanding concern faced by Power System Operators of Pakistan (PSOP) due to uncontrollable power demand growth and outdated electric transmission infrastructure. For this reason, reliable and economic power supply is being frequently interrupted in order to relieve congestion even when adequate power supply is available. A possible solution is upgrading and expanding transmission lines by reconducting old lines, or, through construction of new ones. But the huge economic investment and the suffocating national economy are putting serious hurdles for such infrastructure improvement. More importantly, only infrastructure improvement is not a solution because of the exponential demand growth and the increasing need for power utilization from cheap energy sites and renewable energy sources. Hence, there is an urgent need for smart transmission systems that can monitor controlling factors (i.e. weather parameters and conductor thermal condition) in real time and estimate maximum allowable current carrying capacity (or ampacity) for optimal utilization. This paper presents an alternative solution based on Dynamic Thermal Rating (DTR) to alleviate electric transmission congestion and to keep power system intact especially in contingencies. The detailed assessment of Power System of Pakistan (PSP) reveals conservative and static approaches employed in rating overhead transmission lines and fixing protection equipment's settings. As a case study, 132KV transmission line in Lahore region of Pakistan was chosen keeping in view meteorological data availability and prevailing overloading issue in the area. The analysis discovers that smart adaptations based upon varying weather conditions, like ambient temperature, wind speeds, wind direction, solar radiations as well as adjustable conductor temperature, provide a feasible scenario for dynamic rating of transmission lines. Aggregating all supposed conditions, additional lin- 's capacity can be increased up by 38.15% and 51.34% on average for day and night time respectively.
机译：由于无法控制的电力需求增长和过时的电力传输基础设施，电力传输拥堵一直是巴基斯坦电力系统运营商（PSOP）长期以来一直关注的问题。因此，即使有足够的电源，也经常中断可靠且经济的电源供应，以缓解拥塞。一种可能的解决方案是通过重新连接旧线路或通过构建新线路来升级和扩展传输线。但是巨大的经济投资和令人窒息的国民经济正在为改善基础设施带来严重的障碍。更重要的是，由于需求的指数级增长以及廉价能源和可再生能源对电力利用的需求不断增加，仅改善基础设施并不是解决方案。因此，迫切需要能够实时监控控制因素（即天气参数和导体热状况）并估计最大允许载流量（或载流量）以实现最佳利用的智能传输系统。本文提出了一种基于动态热额定值（DTR）的替代解决方案，以缓解电力传输拥堵并保持电力系统完整（尤其是在紧急情况下）。巴基斯坦电力系统（PSP）的详细评估揭示了用于评估架空输电线路和固定保护设备设置的保守和静态方法。作为案例研究，选择巴基斯坦拉合尔地区的132KV输电线路是考虑到气象数据的可用性以及该地区普遍存在的过载问题。分析发现，基于变化的天气条件（例如环境温度，风速，风向，太阳辐射以及可调节的导体温度）的智能适应为传输线的动态额定值提供了可行的方案。综合所有假定的条件，白天和晚上的平均直线速度分别可以提高38.15％和51.34％。

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