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Assessing the evolution of the digital divide across European Union

机译：评估整个欧盟数字鸿沟的演变

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摘要

In our days the use of Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) for teaching is widely recognized that promotes the innovation and the effectiveness within all academic levels and in all teaching and training sectors. One of the main obstacles for the further penetration of e-learning is the existence of the Digital Divide across nations or / and communities. Digital Divide is defined as the different level of ICT's adoption between nations or / and communities. In this paper the historic evolution of the Digital Divide across the Member States of the European Union is analyzed, in order on one hand to examine the effectiveness of the relevant policies in relation to Digital Divide elimination and on the other hand to examine whether European citizens have the same level of opportunities in relation to e-learning. To do so, indicative quantitative indicators have been selected, related to Information and Communications Technologies penetration and more specifically related to the existence of broadband infrastructure and the penetration of broadband services. The analysis of the selected indicators reveals the progress that has been achieved in relation to the elimination of the Digital Divide across EU countries, during the last few years. The results of analysis show that in some cases, like in the case of the existence of broadband infrastructure in rural areas, a clear improvement has been achieved. On the other hand the analysis of other indicators, like the fixed and mobile broadband penetration, indicates that despite the adopted relevant policies, slight or no improvement in relation to the elimination of the Digital Divide across EU 27 has been made.
机译：当今，使用信息和通信技术（ICT）进行教学已得到广泛认可，可在所有学术水平以及所有教学和培训部门中促进创新和有效性。电子学习进一步普及的主要障碍之一是跨国家或/和社区的数字鸿沟的存在。数字鸿沟被定义为国家或/和社区之间采用ICT的不同级别。本文分析了欧盟成员国之间数字鸿沟的历史演变，以便一方面检查有关消除数字鸿沟的相关政策的有效性，另一方面检查欧洲公民是否在电子学习方面拥有相同水平的机会。为此，已选择了指示性定量指标，这些指标与信息和通信技术的普及率有关，更具体地说与宽带基础设施的存在和宽带服务的普及率有关。对选定指标的分析揭示了过去几年在消除欧盟国家中的数字鸿沟方面所取得的进展。分析结果表明，在某些情况下，例如在农村地区存在宽带基础设施的情况下，已经取得了明显的改善。另一方面，对固定和移动宽带普及率等其他指标的分析表明，尽管采取了相关政策，但在消除欧盟27国的数字鸿沟方面取得了很小的进步，甚至没有取得任何进步。

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