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BLEST: Blocking estimation-based MPTCP scheduler for heterogeneous networks

机译：最简单的：用于异构网络的基于块估计的MPTCP调度程序

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摘要

With the widespread availability of multi-homed devices, multipath transport protocols such as MPTCP are becoming increasingly relevant to support better use of multiple connectivity through capacity aggregation and seamless failover. However, capacity aggregation over heterogeneous paths, such as offered by cellular and Wi-Fi networks, is problematic. It causes packet reordering leading to head-of-line (HoL) blocking at the receiver, increased end-to-end delays and lower application goodput. MPTCP tackles this issue by penalising the use of longer paths, and increasing buffer sizes. This, however, results in suboptimal resource usage. In this paper, we first evaluate and compare the performance of default MPTCP and alternative state-of-the-art schedulers, all implemented in the Linux kernel, for a range of traffic patterns and network environments. This allows us to identify shortcomings of various approaches. We then propose a send-window BLocking ESTimation scheduler, BLEST, which aims to minimise HoL-blocking in heterogeneous networks, thereby increasing the potential for capacity aggregation by reducing the number of spurious retransmissions. The resulting scheduler allows an increase by 12% in application goodput with bulk traffic while reducing unnecessary retransmissions by 80% as compared to default MPTCP and other schedulers.
机译：随着多宿主设备的广泛可用性，诸如MPTCP之类的多路径传输协议正变得越来越重要，以通过容量聚合和无缝故障转移来支持更好地使用多个连接。然而，诸如蜂窝和Wi-Fi网络所提供的异构路径上的容量聚集是有问题的。这会导致数据包重新排序，从而导致接收器的行头（HoL）阻塞，端到端延迟增加以及应用吞吐量降低。 MPTCP通过惩罚使用更长的路径并增加缓冲区大小来解决此问题。但是，这导致资源使用不足。在本文中，我们首先针对各种流量模式和网络环境，评估和比较默认的MPTCP和替代的最先进的调度程序（均在Linux内核中实现）的性能。这使我们能够确定各种方法的缺点。然后，我们提出了一个发送窗口Blocking ESTimation调度程序BLEST，该调度程序旨在最小化异构网络中的HoL阻塞，从而通过减少虚假重传的次数来增加容量聚合的可能性。与默认的MPTCP和其他调度程序相比，由此产生的调度程序可将大量流量的应用程序吞吐量提高12％，同时将不必要的重传减少80％。

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