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首页> 外文会议>20th International Symposium on Effects of Radiation on Materials, Jun 6-8, 2000, Williamsburg, Virginia >On the α+γ reversible γ-Phase Boundary in Nickel and in Manganese Containing Stainless Steel Alloys
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On the α+γ reversible γ-Phase Boundary in Nickel and in Manganese Containing Stainless Steel Alloys

机译：镍和含锰不锈钢合金中的α+γ可逆γ相边界

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摘要

The α-ferrite-phase in nickel and in manganese containing stainless steel alloys is very brittle. Its formation is connected with a huge decrease in volume, which also causes stresses in the alloys that are very dangerous if the materials cannot accommodate them. The α-ferrite-phase is formed in stainless steel alloys only if nucleation sites are provided, α'-martensites are nucleation sites for the formation of α-ferrite, even at temperatures at which α-ferrite is not stable. If α'-martensite is dissolved during an anneal, no new α-ferrite is formed, and the remaining α-ferrite transforms back into γ-austenite. In "pure" nickel or in "pure" manganese containing stainless steel alloys the martensitic temperature is above 100℃ and thus α'-martensite is always present at ambient temperature in these materials, giving rise to the formation of α-ferrite during a subsequent anneal. It was established in the present work that the γ reversible γ + α -phase boundary in iron-chromium-nickel alloys is also almost independent of the temperature as in iron-chromium-manganese alloys. Thus the existing phase diagram for nickel containing stainless steels has to be revised. The various elements added to "pure" stainless steel alloys, as we find them in EUR-316L, US-316L, US-PCA, and in AMCR, cause a drastic decrease of the martensitic temperature so that neither α'-martensite nor α-ferrite is found in these alloys. However, in all these four alloys α-ferrite is formed readily during irradiation with high energy particles and a tentative γ reversible γ + α -phase boundary, valid during irradiation with high energy particles, is derived. The amount of α-ferrite formed during irradiation increases with decreasing irradiation temperature and with decreasing applied stress. The alloys EUR-316L, US-316L, US-PCA, and AMCR do not survive one reactor cycle, if irradiated at 100℃.
机译：镍和含锰不锈钢合金中的α-铁素体相非常脆。其形成与体积的大量减少有关，这也导致合金中的应力，如果材料无法容纳它们，则将非常危险。仅在具有成核部位的情况下，在不锈钢合金中形成α-铁素体相，即使在α-铁素体不稳定的温度下，α'-马氏体也是形成α-铁素体的成核部位。如果在退火过程中溶解了α'-马氏体，则不会形成新的α-铁素体，剩余的α-铁素体会转变回γ-奥氏体。在“纯”镍或“纯”含锰不锈钢合金中，马氏体温度高于100℃，因此这些材料中始终在环境温度下存在α'-马氏体，从而在随后的过程中形成α-铁素体退火。在本工作中已经确定，铁铬镍合金中的γ可逆γ+α相界也几乎与温度无关，就像铁铬锰合金中一样。因此，含镍不锈钢的现有相图必须修改。我们在EUR-316L，US-316L，US-PCA和AMCR中发现，添加到“纯”不锈钢合金中的各种元素会导致马氏体温度急剧下降，因此α'-马氏体和α'-马氏体均不会在这些合金中发现了铁素体。然而，在所有这四种合金中，在高能粒子辐照过程中都容易形成α-铁氧体，并得出了在高能粒子辐照过程中有效的暂定γ可逆γ+α相界。辐照过程中形成的α-铁氧体数量随辐照温度的降低和所施加应力的降低而增加。如果在100℃下辐照，EUR-316L，US-316L，US-PCA和AMCR合金将无法承受一个反应器循环。

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