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首页> 外文会议>23rd Annual USSD (United States Society on Dams) Conference on Reducing Risk from Extreme Events; Apr 14-18, 2003; Charleston, South Carolina >SPILLWAY CAPACITY ANALYSES FOR NEW YORK CITY DAMS IN THE CATSKILL AND DELAWARE WATERSHEDS
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SPILLWAY CAPACITY ANALYSES FOR NEW YORK CITY DAMS IN THE CATSKILL AND DELAWARE WATERSHEDS

机译：CATSKILL和DELAWARE流域中纽约市坝的溢洪道通行能力分析

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GZA GeoEnvironmental, Inc. of New York (GZA) is currently providing engineering consulting services to New York City for their Catskill and Delaware System Dams. The focus of the work is the performance of detailed safety inspections of six of the City's largest water supply reservoirs which provide 90 percent of New York City's 1.3 billion gallons per day demand. The goal of the project is to provide the City with recommendations for modifications and repairs needed to upgrade these critical water supply reservoirs to first-class working condition. A major aspect of the project (and the topic of this paper) deals with the evaluation of current spillway capacity for these large, high hazard dams. The main objective of the hydrologic studies is to re-evaluate and, in some cases, re-confirm the hydraulic capacity of existing principal spillway structures at each of the six dams under Probable Maximum Flood (PMF) conditions. It was determined that the spillway capacity of the dams required re-assessment, primarily because: (a) The unit hydrographs, formerly used to estimate rainfall/runoff relationships were generally developed from streamflow records through the late 1970s/early 1980s and did not include more recent severe storms; and (b) in most cases, the estimation of the Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) was based on now outdated HMR-33 methods. Thus, it was crucial for City officials to identify potential risks of overtopping, using refined hydrologic/hydraulic methods, for these key water supply structures and, as necessary, reduce risks by implementing spillway improvements. GZA engineers built upon the body of existing hydrologic information within the river basins (from previous Corps of Engineers hydrology reports) to evaluate whether these dams could safely pass extreme floods under current, state-of-the-practice conditions and methods. Detailed unit hydrograph theory was employed for the gaged and ungaged streams within these very large contributing watersheds (ranging in size from 90 to 456 mi~2). The general sequence of hydrologic analysis involved review of river basin model methodology, input data, and supporting calculations as well as obtaining records from USGS streamflow gages and National Weather Service precipitation stations within the study areas for periods subsequent to the publication of the Corps river basin reports. The original COE HEC-1 runoff models were "re-created" using historic 1950's-era floods and further refined using updated information on key hydrologic characteristics
机译：纽约GZA GeoEnvironmental，Inc.（GZA）目前正在为纽约市的Catskill和Delaware系统水坝提供工程咨询服务。工作的重点是对纽约市最大的六个供水水库进行详细的安全检查，这些水库满足纽约市每天13亿加仑的需求的90％。该项目的目标是为纽约市提供有关将这些关键供水水库提升到一流工作状态所需的修改和维修建议。该项目的一个主要方面（以及本文的主题）涉及对这些大型，高危害水坝的当前溢洪道容量的评估。水文研究的主要目标是在可能的最大洪水（PMF）条件下，重新评估并在某些情况下重新确认六个大坝中每个大坝上现有主要溢洪道结构的水力容量。确定大坝的溢洪道容量需要重新评估，主要是因为：（a）以前用来估算降雨/径流关系的单位水位图通常是根据1970年代末/ 1980年代初的水流记录编制的，不包括在内最近的强风暴； （b）在大多数情况下，可能的最大降水量（PMP）的估算是基于现已过时的HMR-33方法。因此，对于市政府官员而言，至关重要的是，对于这些关键的供水结构，应使用改进的水文/水力方法识别出潜在的超车风险，并在必要时通过改善溢洪道来降低风险。 GZA工程师基于流域内现有的水文信息（来自之前的工程师水文报告），评估了这些大坝在当前的实践状态和方法下是否可以安全通过极端洪水。在这些非常大的分水岭（大小在90到456 mi〜2之间）内，对量具和非量具的河流采用了详细的单位水文法理论。水文分析的一般顺序包括审查流域模型方法，输入数据和支持计算，以及从研究区内的USGS流量表和国家气象局降水站获得记录，以研究Corps流域之后的时期。报告。原始的COE HEC-1径流模型是使用1950年代的历史洪水“重建”的，并使用有关关键水文特征的最新信息进一步完善

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