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首页> 外文会议>25th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology and 12th Joint Conference on the Applications of Air Pollution Meteorology with Aamp;WMA and Fourth Symposium on the Urban Environment May 20-24, 2002 Norfolk, Virginia >'Super-Fog' - A Combination of Smoke and Water Vapor That Produces Zero Visibility over Roadways
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'Super-Fog' - A Combination of Smoke and Water Vapor That Produces Zero Visibility over Roadways

机译：“超级雾”-烟雾和水蒸气的组合，在道路上产生零可见性

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摘要

Forest and agricultural burning release chemical compounds and particulate matter into the atmosphere. Although most of this material contributes to visibility reductions through haze and provides chemical constituents available for reactions with other atmospheric pollutants, there are occasions when smoke is entrapped locally and combines with water vapor to produce zero visibility smoke/fog or super-fog. Super-fog threatens transportation when it drifts over roadways - a problem in the South, especially at night. Most serious accidents occur during the night or at sunrise as smoke trapped in stream valleys and basins drifts across roadways. Mobley (1989) conducted a comprehensive study on smoke related highway incidents that occurred in the South from 1979―88. During this period, Mobley found that visibility reduction caused by smoke or a combination of smoke and fog caused 28 fatalities, over 60 serious injuries, numerous minor injuries, and litigation expenses into the millions. More recently, smoke and fog from a small wildfire located near Interstate 10 in southeastern Mississippi on 8 May 2000 caused an pre-dawn accident that killed five and injured 24 (Twilley, 2000).
机译：森林和农业燃烧将化学化合物和颗粒物释放到大气中。尽管大多数这种材料通过雾霾有助于降低能见度，并提供可与其他大气污染物反应的化学成分，但有时烟雾会在本地截留并与水蒸气结合，产生零能见度的烟雾/雾或超雾。超级雾在道路上移动时会威胁到运输-在南方，尤其是在晚上，这是一个问题。最严重的事故发生在夜间或日出时，因为滞留在溪谷和盆地中的烟雾在道路上漂移。 Mobley（1989）对1979-88年在南部发生的与烟雾有关的公路事故进行了全面研究。在此期间，Mobley发现，由于烟雾或烟雾与烟雾的结合而导致的能见度下降导致28人死亡，60多人重伤，​​众多轻伤和数百万美元的诉讼费用。最近，2000年5月8日，位于密西西比州东南部10号州际公路附近的一场小野火产生的烟和雾导致黎明前事故，造成5人死亡，24人受伤（Twilley，2000年）。

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