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首页> 外文会议>25th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 2006(OMAE2006) vol.2: Ocean Engineering; Polar and Arctic Sciences and Technology >A COMPARISON OF ICE LOADS FROM LEVEL ICE AND ICE RIDGES ON SLOPING OFFSHORE STRUCTURES CALCULATED IN ACCORDANCE WITH DIFFERENT INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL STANDARDS
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A COMPARISON OF ICE LOADS FROM LEVEL ICE AND ICE RIDGES ON SLOPING OFFSHORE STRUCTURES CALCULATED IN ACCORDANCE WITH DIFFERENT INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL STANDARDS

机译：根据不同的国际和国家标准计算出的倾斜海上结构上的水平冰和冰脊的冰负荷比较

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摘要

Existing national and international standards for determination of level ice and ice ridge loads on sloping offshore structures recommend different methods for the analysis. The objective of this paper is to review the codes and standards recommendations regarding ice-sloping structures interaction process and highlight the differences between them. Development of offshore hydrocarbon fields in the Eastern Barents Sea is foreseen to take place in the near future while developments already take place in the Pechora Sea and offshore Sakhalin as well as in the Northern Caspian Sea. One of the most difficult issues facing the designer of offshore structures for these areas is how to design for loads from level ice and ice ridges. The ice load considerations will have a major effect on the form and cost of these structures. It is known that different designers use very different ice load estimates (Shkhinek et al., 1994). The standards recommend different methods for determination of the global ice loads on both cone-shaped and sloping rectangular structures. For determination of the global ice loads on these types of structures, it is obvious that the ice-structure interaction process must be identified. Rubble effects must be included in the analysis. The ice-structure interaction process for these geometries depends on many factors, such as; the ice thickness, ice strength, ice-structure friction coefficient, ice velocity, width of the structure and slope angle of the structure. The methods for determination of ice loads recommended by the different standards are very much influenced by local ice conditions and the parameters listed above are given different importance in the different standards. The differences in loads calculated by using the different standards and their validity for the ice-structure interaction process have been investigated and example calculations are presented to show these differences. It is thought that the paper may be of interest for those preparing the new ISO standard (ISO 19906) on Arctic Offshore Structures.
机译：用于确定海上倾斜斜坡上的冰面高度和冰岭荷载的现有国家和国际标准推荐了不同的分析方法。本文的目的是回顾有关斜面结构相互作用过程的规范和标准建议，并强调它们之间的差异。预计不久的将来将在东巴伦支海开发近海油气田，而已经在佩乔拉海，萨哈林岛近海以及北里海进行了开发。这些地区的海上结构设计者面临的最困难的问题之一是如何设计水平冰和冰脊的载荷。冰负荷的考虑将对这些结构的形式和成本产生重大影响。众所周知，不同的设计人员使用的冰负荷估算值差别很大（Shkhinek等，1994）。标准推荐了不同的方法来确定圆锥形和倾斜矩形结构上的总冰负荷。为了确定这些类型结构上的总体冰负荷，很明显，必须确定冰-结构相互作用过程。分析中必须包括瓦砾效应。这些几何形状的冰结构相互作用过程取决于许多因素，例如；冰的厚度，冰的强度，冰结构的摩擦系数，冰的速度，结构的宽度和结构的倾斜角。不同标准推荐的确定冰负荷的方法在很大程度上受当地冰况的影响，在不同标准中，上述参数被赋予不同的重要性。研究了使用不同标准计算的载荷差异及其在冰-结构相互作用过程中的有效性，并通过示例计算来表明这些差异。人们认为，该文件可能对那些准备关于北极近海结构的新ISO标准（ISO 19906）的人感兴趣。

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