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首页> 外文会议>The 28th International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment, Mar 27-31, 2000, Cape Town, South Africa >Imaging Spectrometry and petroleum geology: Hydrocarbon microseepage as a source of global methane production
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Imaging Spectrometry and petroleum geology: Hydrocarbon microseepage as a source of global methane production

机译：成像光谱法和石油地质学：烃微渗漏是全球甲烷生产的来源

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Oil and gas reservoirs leak. As a result large quantities of oil and gas from these reservoirs reach the surface forming seeps. When visible with the human eye we refer to macroseeps, else to microseeps. Macroseeps, particularly offshore, have been extensively studied. Microseeps are less well studied. Seeps are relevant to the oil and gas industry as a potential source of information for exploration. In addition, seeps are a source of methane emission and as such contribute a large but yet un-quantified amount of this gas to the global budget Methane is a greenhouse gas. Hydrocarbon microseepage gives rise to expressions at the Earth surface in form of: (1) detectable trace concentrations of gasses (mainly ethane and methane), (2) mineral alteration of soils, and (3) anomalous spectral response in vegetation. Off shore, oil macroseeps can be seen forming slicks on the water surface detectable using radar imagery. Within the water column, the upward seeping gas produces bubbles that can be detected using sonar. On shore, seismics provides a means of visualising subsurface chimneys along which oil and gas migrate to the surface. At the surface, geochemical soil gas analysis provides insights into the nature and composition of the gas. High spectral resolution spectroscopic measurements in the field and from airborne or spaceborne imaging devices may potentially be used to detect and monitor hydrocarbon microseepage using mineral alteration (detection) and gas emission (monitoring using emission spectra).
机译：油气藏泄漏。结果，来自这些储层的大量石油和天然气到达形成渗漏的表面。当人眼可见时，我们指的是宏观渗漏，否则就是微渗漏。宏观渗水，特别是近海渗水已经被广泛研究。对微渗漏的研究较少。渗漏与石油和天然气行业有关，是潜在的勘探信息来源。此外，渗漏是甲烷排放的源头，因此为全球预算贡献了大量但未量化的这种气体。甲烷是一种温室气体。碳氢化合物的微渗漏以下列形式引起地球表面的表达：（1）可检测到的痕量气体（主要是乙烷和甲烷）；（2）土壤的矿物变化；（3）植被的异常光谱响应。在离岸地区，可以看到石油大渗漏，这些水渗漏可以通过雷达图像在水面上形成浮油。在水柱内，向上渗出的气体会产生气泡，可以使用声纳检测到气泡。在岸上，地震学提供了一种可视化地下烟囱的方法，油气沿着该烟囱向地面迁移。在地面上，通过地球化学土壤气体分析可以深入了解气体的性质和组成。现场和来自机载或星载成像设备的高光谱分辨率光谱测量可能会潜在地用于使用矿物蚀变（检测）和气体排放（使用发射光谱进行监测）来检测和监测烃类微渗漏。

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