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首页> 外文会议>32nd Annual Hydrometallurgy Meeting and International Conference on the Practice and Theory of Chloride/Metal Interaction, Vol.2, Oct 19-23, 2002, Montreal, Quebec, Canada >Removal of Organotin Compounds from a Chloride Medium by Production of Tin Oxide
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Removal of Organotin Compounds from a Chloride Medium by Production of Tin Oxide

机译：通过生产氧化锡从氯化物介质中去除有机锡化合物

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摘要

The production of organotin compounds by the Grignard method yields highly acidic waste containing magnesium chlorides, hydrochloric acid and organic compounds. Organotin compounds are widely used as PVC stabilisers, glass coating, biocides and marine anti-fouling paints. Especially the latter varieties are toxic, and so are the resulting waste streams. At ATOFINA, Vlissingen, The Netherlands, these complex waste streams are treated both in a wastewater treatment plant as in a tin recovery unit. In the tin recovery unit the harmful components are oxidised in a fluidised bed incinerator with a sand bed. The main oxidation product is tin oxide, while all the water in the waste evaporates in the sand bed, as does the hydrochloric acid. A substantial portion of the heat in the fluid bed off gases is recovered by steam generation. The tin oxide is recovered in a bag filter. Finally the chlorides are scrubbed from the gas with sodium hydroxide, resulting in harmless brine. The tin oxide product is sold to tin smelters for recycling. This paper deals with 1995 mass and heat balances and economics of this process, showing its relative success. The concentration of tin in the waste increased from 1.6 wt.% to 15-20 wt.%, while only 9 wt.% of the incoming chlorides reported to the product. The amount of tin bearing waste was reduced by approximately 85 wt.%, while generating 10000-15000 GJ of energy in the form of steam (or 300-450 kW). The total process decreases the cost of the waste disposal by 50%. More recent plant data show even higher tin oxide and lower chlorine levels in the material that is offered to the smelters. Several alternatives to increase the level of tin in the product are described. Details on the plant operation and materials of construction are presented.
机译：通过格利雅（Grignard）方法生产有机锡化合物会产生高酸性废物，其中含有氯化镁，盐酸和有机化合物。有机锡化合物广泛用作PVC稳定剂，玻璃涂料，杀菌剂和海洋防污漆。尤其是后一种变种是有毒的，产生的废物流也是如此。在荷兰弗里辛根的ATOFINA，这些复杂的废物流都在废水处理厂和锡回收装置中进行处理。在锡回收装置中，有害成分在带有沙床的流化床焚烧炉中被氧化。主要的氧化产物是氧化锡，而废物中的所有水和盐酸一样在沙床中蒸发。流化床废气中的大部分热量通过产生蒸汽来回收。氧化锡在袋式过滤器中回收。最后，用氢氧化钠从气体中洗涤出氯化物，得到无害的盐水。氧化锡产品出售给锡冶炼厂进行回收。本文讨论了此过程的1995年质量和热量平衡以及经济学，显示了其相对成功。废物中锡的浓度从1.6重量％增加到15-20重量％，而据报告只有9重量％的氯化物进入产品。含锡废物量减少了约85 wt。％，同时以蒸汽（或300-450 kW）的形式产生了10000-15000 GJ的能量。整个过程将废物处理成本降低了50％。最新的工厂数据显示，提供给冶炼厂的材料中甚至更高的氧化锡和更低的氯含量。描述了几种增加产品中锡含量的方法。介绍了有关工厂运营和建筑材料的详细信息。

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