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A variable warp size architecture

机译：可变的翘曲尺寸架构

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This paper studies the effect of warp sizing and scheduling on performance and efficiency in GPUs. We propose Variable Warp Sizing (VWS) which improves the performance of divergent applications by using a small base warp size in the presence of control flow and memory divergence. When appropriate, our proposed technique groups sets of these smaller warps together by ganging their execution in the warp scheduler, improving performance and energy efficiency for regular applications. Warp ganging is necessary to prevent performance degradation on regular workloads due to memory convergence slip, which results from the inability of smaller warps to exploit the same intra-warp memory locality as larger warps. This paper explores the effect of warp sizing on control flow divergence, memory divergence, and locality. For an estimated 5% area cost, our ganged scheduling microarchitecture results in a simulated 35% performance improvement on divergent workloads by allowing smaller groups of threads to proceed independently, and eliminates the performance degradation due to memory convergence slip that is observed when convergent applications are executed with smaller warp sizes.
机译：本文研究了扭曲大小和调度对GPU性能和效率的影响。我们提出可变翘曲尺寸调整（VWS），它通过在控制流和内存差异的情况下使用较小的基本翘曲尺寸来提高差异应用程序的性能。在适当的时候，我们建议的技术通过将这些较小的经线集合在经纱调度器中执行，从而将它们组合在一起，从而提高常规应用程序的性能和能效。对于由于内存收敛滑移而导致的常规工作负载性能下降，必须进行warp ganging，这是由于较小的warp无法利用与warp相同的warp内部内存局部性造成的。本文探讨了扭曲大小对控制流散度，内存散度和局部性的影响。对于估计的5％的区域成本，我们的联合调度微体系结构允许较小的线程组独立进行，从而模拟了分散的工作负载，使模拟性能提高了35％，并消除了由于在内存聚合应用程序中观察到的内存收敛错误而导致的性能下降。以较小的翘曲尺寸执行。

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