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首页> 外文会议>4th ESA International Conference on Spacecraft Guidance, Navigation and Control Systems, 4th, Oct 18-21, 1999, ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands >AUTONOMOUS SPACECRAFT FORMATION FLYING: STATE VECTOR DETERMINATION BASED ON GPS-ALIKE SIGNALS
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AUTONOMOUS SPACECRAFT FORMATION FLYING: STATE VECTOR DETERMINATION BASED ON GPS-ALIKE SIGNALS

机译：自主的空间编队飞行：基于GPS信号的状态向量确定

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摘要

The number of small and medium size satellites is growing spectacularly in these days and it is expected to further increase in the coming years. Among these, virtual payload distributed along several satellites is becoming common practice. The control of relative positions and attitudes in constellation or formation flying of satellites carrying virtual distributed payloads is the next cornerstone for the space industry. The accuracy of this control will grow exponentially with time as user requirements increase. The goal of the paper is to describe techniques and technologies of formation flying using GPS observables. GPS observables are relative cheap to obtain, easy to manipulate, and its use is becoming common practice among industry and space agencies for position and attitude sensing. The techniques and technologies given are sufficiently generic as to be applied for the future GNSS-2/Galileo European navigation systems. The article starts with a description of position control of a formation of two satellites using pseudorange. Attitude control is gained using carrier phase. Position control can be further improved using carrier phase combined with pseudorange measurements. At this point, the article describes the European Enhanced Formation Flying (E~2F~2) system: an ESA unit developed to reach and maintain a very stable formation flying between two or more spacecraft. The paper continues with examples of missions in which formation flying by GPS-alike signals can be well applied: the Digital Elevation Map generation (DEM) mission, the Infrared Space Interferometer (IRSI), the Earth Radiation Explorer Mission (ERM), and the High Energy X-Ray Survey (HEXS) mission. Finally, the paper concludes with a discussion about the impact in the immediate applicability of the results of this technology.
机译：如今，中小型卫星的数量正以惊人的速度增长，并有望在未来几年进一步增加。其中，沿几颗卫星分布的虚拟有效载荷已成为一种惯例。携带虚拟分布式有效载荷的卫星的星座或编队飞行中相对位置和姿态的控制是航天工业的下一个基础。随着用户需求的增加，此控件的准确性将随着时间呈指数增长。本文的目的是描述使用GPS观测物进行编队飞行的技术。 GPS观测值的获取相对便宜，易于操作，并且它的使用正逐渐成为工业和太空机构中用于位置和姿态感测的惯例。给出的技术足够通用，可以应用于未来的GNSS-2 /伽利略欧洲导航系统。本文从描述使用伪距的两颗卫星的编队位置控制开始。姿态控制是使用载波相位获得的。使用载波相位与伪距测量相结合，可以进一步改善位置控制。在这一点上，本文介绍了欧洲增强编队飞行（E〜2F〜2）系统：一种ESA单元，旨在到达并保持两个或多个航天器之间非常稳定的编队飞行。本文继续介绍一些示例，这些示例可以很好地应用类似GPS信号的编队飞行：数字高程图生成（DEM）任务，红外空间干涉仪（IRSI），地球辐射探测器任务（ERM）和高能X射线调查（HEXS）任务。最后，本文最后讨论了该技术结果对立即适用性的影响。

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