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首页> 外文会议>55th International Astronautical Congress 2004 vol.13 >USING SYSTEM DESIGN COST MODEL TO MANAGE COMPLEX PROGRAMS
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USING SYSTEM DESIGN COST MODEL TO MANAGE COMPLEX PROGRAMS

机译：使用系统设计成本模型来管理复杂程序

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Understanding the system design of complex space transportation systems are essential to providing credible cost estimates and quickly predicting the cost impact to system changes to management and the customer. Lockheed Martin has developed the System Design Cost Model to enhance cost credibility and predict the cost impact to changes in the system. Understanding the technical scope that is being estimated is essential in providing a credible cost estimate. Typically, completeness of the technical scope is defined in terms of the work-breakdown-structure (WBS). WBS resides mostly in the physical domain and functions of a system (or subsystems) are implicit. Thus, the issue of whether or not all the necessary functional requirements are satisfied and the physical design is captured in the WBS is considered separate from estimating the cost of the system. Lockheed Martin's unique approach is to provide estimates that represent the functional requirements as well as the physical characteristics of the system. Providing cost information that represents the integration of this information is valuable to customers and Lockheed Martin management. The second objective of the system design cost model is to estimate the cost impact of potential changes introduced to the system. Changes to the system, whether the changes are the functional requirements changing to reflect customers changing needs, or changes in the physical design of the system, need to be evaluated to assess the cost impact of that change on the system. Historically, changes are evaluated on an Ad Hoc basis trying to involve key personnel to evaluate the system impact to a proposed change. Because Lockheed Martin has established a systematic link between functional requirements, design solutions, and cost estimates, changes to the system can be assessed quickly in order to give the customer and Lockheed Martin initial cost assessment of the proposed change.
机译：了解复杂的太空运输系统的系统设计对于提供可靠的成本估算并快速预测成本对系统变更对管理人员和客户的影响至关重要。洛克希德·马丁公司开发了系统设计成本模型，以增强成本信誉并预测成本对系统变更的影响。了解要估算的技术范围对于提供可靠的成本估算至关重要。通常，技术范围的完整性是根据工作分解结构（WBS）定义的。 WBS主要驻留在物理域中，并且系统（或子系统）的功能是隐式的。因此，认为是否满足所有必要的功能要求以及在WBS中捕获物理设计这一问题与估计系统成本是分开的。洛克希德·马丁公司的独特方法是提供代表系统功能要求和物理特性的估算值。提供代表这些信息集成的成本信息对于客户和洛克希德·马丁公司的管理层而言都是宝贵的。系统设计成本模型的第二个目标是估计引入系统的潜在更改对成本的影响。系统变更，无论变更是为了反映客户变更需求而改变的功能需求，还是系统物理设计的变更，都需要进行评估，以评估该变更对系统的成本影响。历史上，更改是在临时基础上进行评估的，试图让关键人员参与评估系统对建议更改的影响。由于洛克希德·马丁公司已经在功能需求，设计解决方案和成本估算之间建立了系统的联系，因此可以快速评估系统的变更，以便为客户和洛克希德·马丁公司对拟议变更进行初步成本评估。

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