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首页> 外文会议>55th International Astronautical Congress 2004 vol.13 >CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF A COMMUNICATIONS RELAY SATELLITE FOR A LUNAR SAMPLE RETURN MISSION
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CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF A COMMUNICATIONS RELAY SATELLITE FOR A LUNAR SAMPLE RETURN MISSION

机译：用于月牙样本返回任务的通信中继卫星的概念设计

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摘要

NASA is soliciting a new opportunity for robotic exploration of the lunar surface. Proposals are being requested for a lunar sample return mission from the South Pole-Aitken Basin. The basin is of interest because it may contain some of the oldest accessible rocks in the solar system. A mission that will land a spacecraft in the basin, collect a rock sample, and return the sample to Earth is under study. Because the Aitken Basin is on the far side of the Moon, the lander will require a communications relay satellite (CRS) to maintain contact with the Earth during its surface operation. Design of the CRS's orbit is therefore critical. This paper describes a mission design which includes potential transfer and mission orbits, required changes in velocity, orbital parameters, and mission dates. Several different low lunar polar orbits are examined to compare their availability to the lander versus the distance over which they must communicate. In addition, polar orbits are compared to a halo orbit about the Earth-Moon L_2 point, which would permit continuous communication at a cost of increased fuel requirements and longer transmission distances. This paper also examines some general parameters of the communication system design for the mission under study. This mission could be the first step in a period of renewed lunar exploration and eventual human landings.
机译：美国宇航局正在为机器人探索月球表面寻求新的机会。正在请求从南极-艾特肯盆地返回月球样品的建议。该盆地之所以令人关注，是因为它可能包含太阳系中一些最古老的可进入岩石。正在研究将航天器降落在盆地中，收集岩石样本并将样本返回地球的任务。由于艾特肯盆地位于月球的另一侧，因此着陆器将需要一个通信中继卫星（CRS）来在其地面运行期间保持与地球的接触。因此，CRS轨道的设计至关重要。本文介绍了一种任务设计，其中包括潜在的转移和任务轨道，所需的速度变化，轨道参数和任务日期。检查了几个不同的低月球极地轨道，以比较它们对着陆器的可利用性以及它们必须通信的距离。另外，将极轨道与绕地球月球L_2点的晕圈轨道进行了比较，这将允许连续通信，但燃料需求增加，传输距离更长。本文还研究了正在研究的任务的通信系统设计的一些一般参数。这项任务可能是新的月球探索和最终人类登陆时期的第一步。

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