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首页> 外文会议>56th International Astronautical Congress 2005 vol.6 >Structural Health Monitoring for Composite Pressure Vessels Using Fiber Optic Sensors
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Structural Health Monitoring for Composite Pressure Vessels Using Fiber Optic Sensors

机译：使用光纤传感器监测复合压力容器的结构健康

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Composite pressure vessels are widely used for cryogenic fuel tanks, solid rocket boosters, and recently hydrogen tanks for fuel cell vehicles. Although demand for composite structures rapidly increase due to the advantages in weight, there are few effective assessment techniques to enable the quality control and guarantee the durability. In particular, the microscopic damage detection technology is required because damages such as crack, debonding, and delamination in the composite materials can lead to the critical failure of the structures. Among many nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods for composite structures, optical fibers sensors are especially attractive due to the high sensitivity, the lightweight, and the small size. In the current trend of the structural health monitoring technology, fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) sensors, one of the optical fiber sensors, are frequently used as strain or temperature sensors. FBGs are fabricated in optical fibers by exposing their core to a periodic ultraviolet (UV) pattern and can be designed to cause reflection of light at a specific wavelength that is called the Bragg wavelength. The Bragg wavelength associated with the refractive index and the grating period shifts accompanying strain or temperature changes. FBGs can easily achieve a strain resolution of approximately 1 με by using a conventional demodulator. Moreover, in addition to the strain or temperature sensing, FBGs have the potential to detect invisible microscopic damages in the composite structures. This paper presents a real-time strain measurement of a composite LH_2 tank in flight experiments of a reusable rocket using the FBGs. This tank that consists of CFRP and aluminum liner is fabricated by the filament winding (FW) method and mounted on the reusable rocket test vehicle. An onboard FBG demodulator was developed in order to be mounted on the rocket. During the flight experiments, the output of the onboard FBG demodulator was continuously monitored via telemetry system. Following this real-time strain monitoring of the composite LH_2 tank, crack detection in a composite FW tank was furthermore attempted using embedded FBGs in order to enhance the structural health monitoring system.
机译：复合压力容器广泛用于低温燃料箱，固体火箭助推器以及最近用于燃料电池车辆的氢罐。尽管由于重量优势，对复合结构的需求迅速增加，但是很少有有效的评估技术来实现质量控制和保证耐久性。尤其是，需要微观损伤检测技术，因为复合材料中的损伤（例如裂纹，剥离和分层）会导致结构的严重破坏。在许多用于复合结构的无损评估（NDE）方法中，光纤传感器由于其高灵敏度，轻巧和小尺寸而特别吸引人。在结构健康监测技术的当前趋势中，光纤传感器之一的光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）传感器经常用作应变或温度传感器。 FBG通过将光纤的芯线暴露在周期性的紫外线（UV）模式中而制成光纤，并且可以设计为引起特定波长（称为布拉格波长）的光反射。与折射率和光栅周期相关的布拉格波长随应变或温度变化而移动。通过使用传统的解调器，FBG可以轻松实现约1με的应变分辨率。此外，除了应变或温度感测之外，FBG还具有检测复合结构中看不见的微观损伤的潜力。本文介绍了在使用FBG的可重复使用火箭飞行实验中复合LH_2坦克的实时应变测量。该坦克由CFRP和铝衬里组成，是通过细丝缠绕（FW）方法制造的，并安装在可重复使用的火箭试验车上。为了将其安装在火箭上，开发了一种车载FBG解调器。在飞行实验期间，机载FBG解调器的输出通过遥测系统进行连续监控。在对复合LH_2储罐进行此实时应变监测之后，还尝试使用嵌入式FBG在复合FW储罐中进行裂纹检测，以增强结构健康监测系统。

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