According to the knowledge of chemical reaction and stoichiometry, a fundamental framework has been developed for equilibrium relations in the medium- and low-carbon ferromanganese process by silicothermic reduction. Compositions of carbon unsaturated alloys in equilibrium with slags have been determined experiemntally and calculated based on a thermodynamic solution model. The obtained result may be numerically described and dealt with for optimizing the silicothermic process.
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