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首页> 外文会议>ACIAR Proceedings no.116; CARDI International Conference on Research on Water in Agricultural Production in Asia for the 21st Century; 20031125-28; Phnom Penh(KH) >Household-level irrigation for efficient water use and poverty alleviation
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Household-level irrigation for efficient water use and poverty alleviation

机译：家庭用水灌溉，有效利用水资源和减轻贫困

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摘要

Optimising the efficiency of irrigation water under conditions of scarcity is a common concern of farmers in arid and semi-arid regions as well as those in monsoon climates with long dry seasons. A wide technology gap exists between currently available irrigation technology and the specific water needs of the rural poor. Nevertheless, several household-level irrigation technologies have emerged that can be marketed through private-sector distribution channels at sustainable, unsubsidised prices and still be affordable to even very low-income smallholders. Simple, efficient manual pumps, appropriate drip irrigation, and plastic water storage bags are highlighted as examples of household-level irrigation technologies that meet smallholders' needs for low entry cost, rapid return on investment, high rate of return, low-cost manual operation, easy maintenance, and suitability for small landholdings. Household-level irrigation can be extremely efficient, both in water usage and in targeting economic benefits toward the rural poor. Household-level irrigation systems stand out as simple, practical, and widely applicable tools for catalysing the agricultural potential of smallholders and creating opportunities for more active and effective market participation through the production of income-generating, high-value crops. This paper also outlines a methodology for designing and implementing coordinated interventions to identify and resolve critical smallholder market constraints using household-level irrigation as a strategic entry point. To maximise the poverty alleviation impacts of irrigation, there is a strong need to focus research efforts on improving irrigation effectiveness under smallholder farming conditions.
机译：在干旱和半干旱地区以及季风气候干燥季节长的地区，农民在稀缺条件下优化灌溉水的效率是他们普遍关心的问题。当前可用的灌溉技术与农村贫困人口的具体用水需求之间存在很大的技术差距。然而，已经出现了一些家庭级灌溉技术，可以通过私营部门的分销渠道以可持续的，无补贴的价格进行销售，即使是非常低收入的小农也仍然可以负担得起。简单，高效的手动泵，适当的滴灌和塑料储水袋作为家庭级灌溉技术的示例得到了强调，这些技术可满足小农对低入门成本，快速投资回报，高回报率，低成本手动操作的需求，易于维护，并且适合小型土地。无论是用水还是将经济利益瞄准农村贫困人口，家庭级灌溉都可以非常有效。家庭级灌溉系统是简单，实用和广泛适用的工具，可通过生产可产生收入的高价值农作物来激发小农的农业潜力并为更积极和有效的市场参与创造机会。本文还概述了一种设计和实施协调干预措施的方法，以家庭灌溉为战略切入点来确定和解决关键的小农市场限制。为了最大程度地减轻灌溉对贫困的影响，迫切需要将研究重点放在提高小农耕作条件下的灌溉效率上。

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