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Preliminary numerical simulation investigation of the cone effect in an adaptive optics system using a laser guide star

机译：激光引导星在自适应光学系统中锥效应的初步数值模拟研究

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So-called cone effect or focus anisoplanatism is produced by the limited distance of a laser guide star (LGS) which is created within the Earth atmosphere and consequently located at a finite distance from the observer. We believe this is the first time to investigate the cone effect of the LGS by means of a pure numerical simulation. In this paper, the cone effect of the LGS for different vertical profiles of the refractive index structure constant C_n~2 is numerically investigated by using a revised computer program of atmospheric propagation of optical wave and an adaptive optics (AO) system including dynamic control process. It is surprisingly found that the effect of altitudes of the LGS on the AO phase compensation effectiveness by using the commonly-available vertical profiles of C_n~2 and the lateral wind speed in the atmosphere is relatively weak, and the cone effect for some C_n~2 profiles is even negligible. It is found that the cone effect seems not have obvious relationship with the turbulence strength, however, it depends on the vertical distribution profile of C_n~2 apparently. On the other hand, the cone effect depends on the vertical distribution of the lateral wind speed as well. The cone effect becomes more obvious as the zenith angle increases. In comparison to a near infrared wavelength, the cone effect becomes larger in the case of the visible wavelength. In all cases concerned in this paper, an AO system by using a sodium guide star has almost same phase compensation effectiveness as that by using the astronomical target itself as a beacon.
机译：所谓的锥效应或聚焦各向异性是由激光导星（LGS）的有限距离产生的，该激光导星是在地球大气中产生的，因此距观察者的距离有限。我们认为，这是首次通过纯数值模拟研究LGS的圆锥效应。本文利用修正的光波大气传播计算机程序和包含动态控制过程的自适应光学（AO）系统，对折射率结构常数C_n〜2的不同垂直剖面的LGS锥效应进行了数值研究。 。令人惊讶地发现，通过使用常用的C_n〜2垂直剖面和大气的侧向风速，LGS的高度对AO相位补偿效果的影响相对较弱，并且对于某些C_n〜的圆锥效应2个配置文件甚至可以忽略不计。结果发现，锥效应似乎与湍流强度没有明显的关系，但是，锥效应显然取决于C_n〜2的垂直分布。另一方面，圆锥效应也取决于横向风速的垂直分布。随着天顶角的增加，圆锥效应变得更加明显。与近红外波长相比，在可见波长的情况下，锥效应变得更大。在本文涉及的所有情况下，使用钠制导星的AO系统的相位补偿效果几乎与使用天文目标本身作为信标的相位补偿效果相同。

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