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Liouville-space descriptions for intense-field coherent electromagnetic interactions

机译：Liouville空间描述强场相干电磁相互作用

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Liouville-space (reduced-density-operator) descriptions are developed for resonant and coherent electromagnetic interactions of quantized electronic systems, taking into account environmental decoherence and relaxation phenomena. Applications of interest include electromagnetically-induced transparency and related pump-probe optical phenomena in many-electron atomic systems (in electron-ion beam interactions, gases, and high-temperature plasmas) and semiconductor materials (bulk crystals and nanostructures). Time-domain (equation-of-motion) and frequency-domain (resolvent-operator) formulations are developed in a unified manner. The standard Born (lowest-order perturbation-theory) and Markov (short-memory-time) approximations are systematically introduced within the framework of the general non-perturbative and non-Markovian formulations. A preliminary semiclassical description of the entire electromagnetic interaction is introduced. Compact Liouville-space operator expressions are derived for the linear and the general (n'th order) non-linear electromagnetic-response tensors occurring in a perturbation-theory treatment of the semiclassical electromagnetic interaction. These expressions can be evaluated for coherent initial electronic excitations and for the full tetradic-matrix form of the Liouville-space self-energy operator representing the environmental interactions in the Markov approximation. Intense-field electromagnetic interactions are treated by means of an alternative, non-perturbative method, which is based on a Liouville-space Floquet-Fourier representation of the reduced density operator. Electron-electron quantum correlations are treated by the introduction of a cluster decomposition of the reduced density operator and a coupled hierarchy of reduced-density-operator equations.
机译：考虑到环境的退相干和弛豫现象，对量子电子系统的共振和相干电磁相互作用进行了Liouville空间（降低密度算子）描述。感兴趣的应用包括在多电子原子系统（在电子-离子束相互作用，气体和高温等离子体中）和半导体材料（体晶体和纳米结构）中的电磁感应透明性和相关的泵浦探针光学现象。时域（运动方程式）和频域（溶剂运算符）公式以统一的方式开发。在一般的非扰动和非马尔可夫公式的框架内，系统地引入了标准的Born（最低阶扰动理论）和Markov（短记忆时间）逼近。介绍了整个电磁相互作用的初步半经典描述。对于半经典电磁相互作用的扰动理论处理中出现的线性和一般（第n阶）非线性电磁响应张量，推导了紧凑的Liouville-空间算子表达式。这些表达式可用于相干的初始电子激发以及代表马尔可夫近似中的环境相互作用的Liouville空间自能算子的完整四矩阵形式。场电磁相互作用是通过另一种非扰动方法进行处理的，该方法基于降密度算符的Liouville空间Floquet-Fourier表示。通过引入降低密度算子的聚类分解和降低密度算子方程的耦合层次来处理电子-电子量子相关性。

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