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Administrative and Criminal Liability of Legal Persons for Offences against Environment in the Czech Republic

机译:捷克共和国法人对环境违法行为的行政和刑事责任

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摘要

The main aim of this paper is to introduce and analyze concept of administrative and criminal liability of legal persons for offenses against environment, especially in the Czech Republic. The main reason for this is that until 2011 the administrative sanctions were the only possibility how to charge legal persons for any kind of offence while the Czech Republic was the only EU country where criminal liability of these legal entities was not established. But this uniqueness has finished in 2012. The paper analyses legal acts, decisions of competent authorities and relevant statistics from the qualitative, quantitative, and also from economic point of view. Results show that Czech administrative law offers suitable set of tools to protect environment and adequate set of sanctions that can be imposed to their enforcement but the competent authorities tend use not all tools enabled by relevant legal acts. Situation in the area of criminal environmental law is different but also unsatisfactory. But the new legislation adopted in 2012 brings an opportunity for a change.
机译:本文的主要目的是介绍和分析法人针对环境犯罪的行政和刑事责任的概念,尤其是在捷克共和国。这样做的主要原因是,直到2011年,行政制裁才是对法人以任何形式的罪名起诉的唯一可能性,而捷克共和国是唯一没有确定这些法人的刑事责任的欧盟国家。但是这种独特性已在2012年完成。本文从定性,定量以及经济的角度分析了法律行为,主管当​​局的决定和相关统计数据。结果表明,捷克行政法为保护环境提供了适当的工具集,并对其实施了适当的制裁,但主管当局倾向于不使用相关法律行为所允许的所有工具。环境刑法领域的情况有所不同,但也不能令人满意。但是2012年通过的新法规为改革带来了机遇。

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