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MINING AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE URALS DURING THE 18TH AND 19TH CENTURIES

机译：18和19世纪的村庄采矿与环境

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摘要

From about the mid 1500s onwards, the massive supply of precious metals from Spanish America totally marginalized the mining activities in much of Europe. This cycle in the European mining history came to an end during the period of 1670-1760 when several events converged to stimulate the revival of intensive mining especially in central Europe. High silver prices brought about by mining crisis in South and Central America, the equally exorbitant copper prices caused by the collapse of Swedish production in 1655, the cessation of copper imports from Japan in the 1670s, and the depressed lead prices as the expansion of the British industry flooded much of Europe with cheap supplies of the metal all combined to create a price climate conducive to mining renaissance in many European countries.
机译：从大约1500年代中期开始，西班牙美洲的大量贵金属供应完全使欧洲大部分地区的采矿活动边缘化。欧洲采矿史上的这一循环在1670年至1760年期间结束了，当时发生了若干事件，以刺激密集型采矿业的复兴，特别是在中欧。南美洲和中美洲的采矿危机，1655年瑞典产量暴跌，1670年代从日本停止进口铜，以及铅价下跌导致铅价下跌导致的铜价同样过高，导致银价高企。英国工业以廉价的金属供应淹没了欧洲大部分地区，这些价格加在一起创造了有利于许多欧洲国家矿业复兴的价格环境。

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