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首页> 外文会议>American Society of Civil Engineers(ASCE) International Conference on Pipeline Engineering and Construction v.2; 20030713-20030716; Baltimore,MD; US >Freight Pipelines: An Overview
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Freight Pipelines: An Overview

机译：货运管道：概述

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摘要

Freight pipelines include four generic types: slurry pipelines, pneumatic pipelines, capsule pipelines, and self-propelled-vehicle pipelines. All four types have been successfully used commercially in their respective niche areas, and all have made major technological advancements in recent years. This paper provides a brief review of the past, present and future of freight pipelines, and their implications to the United States and the world. Information used in this paper is derived from an ASCE Task Committee Report on Freight Pipelines, from the proceedings of three recent International Symposia on Underground Freight Transport (ISUFT 1999, 2000 and 2002), and from other sources. Slurry pipelines have been used for over a century to transport minerals wastes and dredging materials over short distances. In the last three decades, many long slurry pipelines have been constructed and used for transporting ores such as copper and coal. Pneumatic pipelines (i.e., pneumo-conveying or pneumo-transport) also have been used extensively in the last 200 years for transporting more than one hundred types of materials. Current use is extensive and covers numerous industries and factories, but the use is still limited to short distances. Pneumatic capsule pipeline (PCP) played an important role in transporting mail, parcels and telegrams during the first half of the 20 Century, but such use ceased shortly after WWII. However, automated shorter systems for drive-in banks, hospitals and large factories have continued to date. Since 1970, large PCPs of approximately 1 m diameter have been used commercially in the former Soviet Union and Japan. Each of such pipelines transports more than one million tons of freight per year, with each capsule carrying about 2 tons of cargo. The self-propelled-vehicles pipelines have had their greatest success for rapid transit—the subway, which is a form of capsule pipeline. Recent advancements in computer and automatic control technologies, coupled with the advancement in trenchless technologies including tunneling and directional drilling, have greatly expanded the capability and usefulness of freight pipelines for various applications hitherto not possible. This paper will also discuss major innovations in freight pipeline technology, such as use of the linear induction motor (LIM), which will revolutionize the use of capsule pipelines in the 21st Century.
机译：货运管道包括四种通用类型：泥浆管道，气动管道，胶囊管道和自走式车辆管道。这四种类型均已在各自的利基市场成功地商业化使用，并且近年来都取得了重大技术进步。本文简要回顾了货运管道的过去，现在和未来，及其对美国和世界的影响。本文中使用的信息来自ASCE货运委员会任务委员会的报告，最近的三个国际地下货运研讨会（ISUFT 1999、2000和2002）的会议记录以及其他来源。泥浆管道已经使用了一个多世纪，用于短距离运输矿物废物和疏materials材料。在过去的三十年中，已经建造了许多长浆管道，并用于运输矿石，例如铜和煤。在过去的200年中，气动管道（即气力输送或气力输送）也被广泛地用于输送一百多种材料。当前的用途是广泛的，并且覆盖许多工业和工厂，但是用途仍然限于短距离。在20世纪上半叶，气动胶囊管道（PCP）在邮件，包裹和电报的运输中发挥了重要作用，但二战后不久便停止了使用。然而，迄今为止，用于入库银行，医院和大型工厂的自动化的较短系统仍在继续。自1970年以来，直径约1 m的大型PCP已在前苏联和日本商业化使用。每条这样的管道每年运输的货物超过一百万吨，每个舱舱大约载有2吨货物。自走式汽车管道在快速运输方面取得了最大的成功，地铁是一种胶囊管道。计算机和自动控制技术的最新发展，再加上包括掘进和定向钻井在内的非开挖技术的发展，极大地扩展了货运管道的能力和实用性，至今尚无法实现。本文还将讨论货运管道技术的重大创新，例如线性感应电动机（LIM）的使用，它将在21世纪彻底改变胶囊管道的使用方式。

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