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首页> 外文会议>Appita Annual Conference and Exhibition Incorporating the Pan Pacific Conference v.2; 20040419-20040421; Canberra; AU >Towards an Environmentally Sustainable Bleaching of Kraft Pulp Exploring Alternative ECF and TCF Bleaching Sequences
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Towards an Environmentally Sustainable Bleaching of Kraft Pulp Exploring Alternative ECF and TCF Bleaching Sequences

机译：探索牛皮纸浆​​的环保可持续漂白工艺，探索ECF和TCF漂白工艺

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Much of the environmental impact from the manufacture of bleached kraft pulp comes from the bleaching operation. However, considerable steps have been taken over the past years to reduce the environmental impact. In most parts of the world, oxygen delignification is a standard already for many years. Investments are now made in further extension of the oxygen delignification processes two 2-reactor systems. A recent development in this area is the asymmetric isobaric 2-reactor approach (DUALOX), which provides a cost-efficient way of increasing the kappa reduction over the oxygen delignification. In the bleaching itself, the more profound understanding of the composition of pulp in terms of e.g. lignin and hexenuronic acid proves to be a very important one when designing cost-efficient solutions. Conducting chlorine dioxide bleaching at a high temperature and for a long time in initial position in the bleaching proves to be a way to save significant amounts of chlorine dioxide, typically around 25 %, to reach a certain brightness target. Medium consistency ozone is another alternative in both ECF and TCF bleaching. The chemistry of ozone bleaching is reviewed which results in solutions where and how ozone is used in bleach plant. Medium consistency ozone gives superior selectivity to high consistency and is easily implemented in a bleach plant. This paper discuss different solutions to meet "Best Available Techniques" regarding bleach plant concept. The consequences of different bleaching approaches in toxicity of the effluent are also discussed. Recommended fiberlines that meet high environmental demands with ECF and TCF bleaching with proven technology are also presented. The production and investment costs are of course always in focus. During recent years many innovative products have been developed in for example cooking, washing and bleaching technology that have reduced both investment and production costs. If a fiberline is designed for low environmental impact from the beginning, utilising efficient machinery and process the production costs can be limited and sustainable production of pulp is achieved.
机译：漂白牛皮纸浆制造对环境的影响大部分来自漂白操作。但是，在过去的几年中，已经采取了许多措施来减少对环境的影响。在世界上大多数地区，氧脱木素已成为多年的标准。现在，在进一步扩展氧气脱木素工艺两个2反应器系统方面进行了投资。该领域的最新发展是不对称等压2-反应器方法（DUALOX），该方法提供了一种成本效益更高的方法，可以提高氧脱木素反应中κ的减少率。在漂白本身中，对纸浆组成的更深刻的理解是例如。在设计经济高效的解决方案时，木质素和己糖醛酸被证明是非常重要的一种。事实证明，高温进行二氧化氯漂白并在漂白的初始位置长时间进行漂白是节省大量二氧化氯（通常约为25％）以达到某个亮度目标的一种方法。中等浓度的臭氧是ECF和TCF漂白的另一种选择。对臭氧漂白的化学方法进行了综述，从而得出了在漂白厂中使用臭氧的位置和方式的解决方案。中等浓度的臭氧具有出色的选择性和高浓度，可在漂白厂轻松实施。本文讨论了有关漂白设备概念的各种解决方案，以满足“最佳可用技术”的要求。还讨论了不同漂白方法对废水毒性的影响。还介绍了通过成熟的技术通过ECF和TCF漂白满足高环境要求的推荐光纤。当然，生产和投资成本始终是重点。近年来，在烹饪，洗涤和漂白技术方面已经开发了许多创新产品，这些产品减少了投资和生产成本。如果从一开始就设计纤维线以减少对环境的影响，那么利用高效的机械和工艺可以限制生产成本，并实现纸浆的可持续生产。

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