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首页> 外文会议>ASME(American Society of Mechanical Engineers) International Mechanical Engineering Congress: Advanced Energy Systems Division; 20031115-20031121; Washington,DC; US >APPLYING CHP TO THE VENTILATION AIR OF BUILDINGS
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APPLYING CHP TO THE VENTILATION AIR OF BUILDINGS

机译：将CHP应用于建筑物的通风系统

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There is a strong industry focus on packaged CHP systems for small scale applications where the design time for unique installations cannot be justified. Distributed generators such as microturbines, reciprocating engines and fuel cells can all now be purchased as CHP products. The development of these products will bring the energy, environmental and economic savings realized in larger applications to the smaller consumers. CHP systems traditionally operate most effectively and give the shortest payback when operated continuously at full output in a baseloading application. This is in conflict with a typical commercial building whose energy requirements vary extensively over daily, weekly and seasonal time periods. Just as CHP is not expected to supply the entire energy requirements of the industrial sector, so CHP should be looked at as merely part of the energy mix for the commercial sector as the capital cost of CHP equipment is typically higher compared to its alternatives and there are technical complications to supply a heating or cooling to power ratio away from design values. An economic CHP system must therefore have a capacity much lower than the peak load of the building to ensure high utilization of the system so that the larger capital investment can be recovered through energy cost savings as quickly as possible. In the absence of a year round continuous demand for either hot or chilled water a commercial CHP system must offer a diverse range of outputs so that the waste heat from the generator can be utilized as much as possible particularly since the generator component is likely to dominate the capital cost of the installation. This paper proposes that the outdoor, or ventilation air stream into a building provides an excellent capacity match for CHP equipment packaged as a CHP Dedicated Outdoor Air System (CHPDOAS). Ventilation air has the largest temperature and humidity difference with indoor air of any stream of air in the building and so reduces the heat and mass transfer surface areas in the equipment. Also since the ventilation air is only a fraction of the total air flow rate that is being conditioned the CHP system can overcool the air in the summer or overheat the air in the winter and the effect is simply to reduce the cooling or heating workload of the conventional equipment since the ventilation air is then mixed with the bulk of the air remaining in the building before being conditioned. This means that the CHP system can run its generator for longer hours and at higher loads than would have been possible if the outlet conditions were set at space neutral or space supply conditions.
机译：工业界非常重视用于小型应用的封装式CHP系统，在这种情况下，无法确定独特安装的设计时间。分布式发电机，例如微型涡轮机，往复式发动机和燃料电池，现在都可以作为CHP产品购买。这些产品的开发将为小型消费者带来在大型应用中实现的能源，环境和经济节省。传统上，CHP系统在基本负载应用中以全输出连续运行时，效率最高，并且回报期最短。这与典型的商业建筑相矛盾，该商业建筑的能源需求在每日，每周和季节性时间段内变化很大。正如热电联产无法满足工业部门的全部能源需求一样，热电联产应仅视为商业部门能源结构的一部分，因为热电联产设备的资本成本通常高于其替代品，因此提供供热或供冷功率比偏离设计值的技术难题。因此，经济的热电联产系统必须具有比建筑物的峰值负荷低得多的容量，以确保系统的高利用率，以便可以通过节省能源成本尽快收回较大的资本投资。在没有全年对热水或冷水的持续需求的情况下，商用热电联产系统必须提供多种输出功率，以便可以尽可能多地利用发电机的废热，特别是因为发电机的组件很可能占主导地位安装的资金成本。本文提出，进入建筑物的室外或通风空气流对于包装为CHP专用室外空气系统（CHPDOAS）的CHP设备提供了出色的容量匹配。通风空气与建筑物中任何空气流的室内空气温度和湿度差异最大，因此减少了设备中的传热和传质表面积。同样，由于通风空气只是要调节的总空气流量的一小部分，CHP系统可以在夏天使空气过冷或在冬天使空气过热，其作用仅仅是减少空调的冷却或加热工作量。常规设备，因为通风后的空气会与空气混合，然后再进行调节。这意味着与将出口条件设置为中性或空间供应条件时相比，CHP系统可以在更长的时间和更高的负载下运行发电机。

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