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首页> 外文会议>ASME(American Society of Mechanical Engineers) Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference vol.2: Computer Technology; 20050717-21; Denver,CO(US) >ULTRASONIC CONTROL OF FASTENER TIGHTENING USING VARYING WAVE SPEED
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ULTRASONIC CONTROL OF FASTENER TIGHTENING USING VARYING WAVE SPEED

机译：变速波速对紧固件拧紧的超声控制

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摘要

A high precision ultrasonic technique and a test apparatus are developed for the real-time control of the fastener elongation during the tightening process of bolted joints. This is accomplished by monitoring the propagation of longitudinal ultrasonic waves through the fastener material and the reflection of these waves at the end of the fastener. The round trip time of the longitudinal waves is continuously measured and monitored in real-time. Using the wave speed in the fastener material, the change in the round trip time determines the fastener elongation, which creates fastener tension and joint clamp load. The wave speed through the bolt material is stress dependent; hence, it continuously changes as the fastener is being elongated during the tightening process. A varying wave speed algorithm is developed and utilized in order to compensate for wave speed variations. Because the torque-tension relationship in threaded fasteners is highly sensitive to friction variations, the scatter in such relationship is often unacceptable, especially in critical applications. By contrast, the automatic control of the fastener elongation during the tightening process would eliminate the dependence on the torque value as a predictor for the bolt tension. Hence, the new ultrasonic technique for the real-control of the fastener tension, by monitoring its elongation, would significantly enhance the reliability of bolted assemblies.
机译：为了在螺栓连接的拧紧过程中实时控制紧固件的伸长率，开发了一种高精度的超声波技术和一种测试设备。这是通过监视纵向超声波通过紧固件材料的传播以及这些波在紧固件末端的反射来实现的。纵向波的往返时间被连续地实时测量和监控。利用扣件材料中的波速，往返时间的变化决定了扣件的伸长率，这会产生扣件张力和接头夹紧载荷。穿过螺栓材料的波速取决于应力。因此，随着紧固件在拉紧过程中被拉长，它会不断变化。为了补偿波速变化，开发并利用了变化的波速算法。因为螺纹紧固件中的扭矩-张力关系对摩擦变化非常敏感，所以这种关系的分散通常是不可接受的，尤其是在关键应用中。相比之下，在拧紧过程中对紧固件伸长率的自动控制将消除对扭矩值的依赖性，而扭矩值是螺栓张力的预测指标。因此，通过监视其伸长率来实际控制紧固件张力的新超声技术将大大提高螺栓组件的可靠性。

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