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首页> 外文会议>ASME international pipeline conference 2008 >Prediction of Gas Transport through Ground and Atmosphere to Determine the Ability of Airborne Leak Detection Methods to Detect Pin-hole Leaks from Buried Gas Pipelines
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Prediction of Gas Transport through Ground and Atmosphere to Determine the Ability of Airborne Leak Detection Methods to Detect Pin-hole Leaks from Buried Gas Pipelines

机译：预测通过地面和大气的气体传输量，从而确定机载检漏方法检测地下天然气管道针孔泄漏的能力

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New technologies for airborne detection of gas pipeline leaks have been introduced to the pipeline industry and have undergone several field-testing attempts. These technologies are based on an airborne detection device mounted on a small aircraft flying along the right of way (ROW) of the pipeline. It is proposed that during initial commissioning of the pipeline, leak testing is performed by first pressurizing the pipeline section with natural gas, and then launching an airborne leak detection aircraft to fly along the ROW in multiple passes. A delay between the completion of the pipe section pressurization and the launching of the leak detection aircraft is required in order to establish a discernable concentration of methane in the atmosphere. This 'wait time' includes the time required for the leak to penetrate upwards through the backfill to the ground surface and to subsequently diffuse into the atmosphere. Accuracy and reliability of these technologies clearly depend on the leak rate (i.e. leak hole size and line pressure), the depth and properties of the backfill, atmospheric conditions, prevailing wind speed and direction, and the properties of air including diffusion parameters of natural gas into air. Additionally, the accuracy of these airborne methods also depends on the altitude at which the aircraft is flying along the pipeline ROW and the degree of offset of the flight path from the centerline of the ROW.rnThe present paper outlines the fundamental governing equations and solution techniques to predict the temporal-spatial-dependent diffusion of gas leakage from a pinhole into the ground. The mechanism of the gas transport through the ground, whether it is advective or diffusive, is dependent on the Peclet number, which is predominantly driven by the leak rate. Likewise, the fundamental governing equations along with solution techniques to predict the diffusion of the breakthrough flux of gas at the ground level into the atmosphere are formulated. Results of the time for the gas to break through at ground level, the concentration and gas flux at ground level, and the vertical and lateral concentration profiles of the gas in the atmosphere are all presented to facilitate assessment of the sensitivity of the airborne leak detection methods to the different ground and atmospheric parameters for a given leak rate at a given source depth.
机译：用于空中探测天然气管道泄漏的新技术已被引入管道行业，并经历了几次现场测试尝试。这些技术基于安装在小型飞机上的机载检测装置，该小型飞机沿着管道的右路（ROW）飞行。建议在管道的初步调试过程中，首先通过用天然气对管道部分加压，然后发射空中泄漏检测飞机，以沿ROW多次飞行，进行泄漏测试。为了确定大气中甲烷的浓度，需要在完成管段增压和检漏飞机的发射之间有一定的延迟。该“等待时间”包括泄漏通过回填物向上渗透到地面并随后扩散到大气中所需的时间。这些技术的准确性和可靠性显然取决于泄漏率（即，泄漏孔的大小和管路压力），回填的深度和性质，大气条件，主要风速和风向以及空气的性质（包括天然气的扩散参数）进入空气。此外，这些机载方法的准确性还取决于飞机沿管道ROW的飞行高度以及飞行路径相对于ROW中心线的偏移程度。rn本文概述了基本的控制方程式和求解技术以预测气体从针孔泄漏到地面的时空相关扩散。无论是对流的还是扩散的，通过地面的气体传输机制都取决于佩克雷特数，而这主要由泄漏率驱动。同样，制定了基本的控制方程式以及预测地下气体突破通量向大气中扩散的求解技术。给出了气体在地面穿透的时间，地面上的浓度和气体通量以及大气中气体在垂直和水平方向上的浓度分布的结果，以便于评估机载泄漏检测的灵敏度给定泄漏源深度，给定泄漏率的不同地面和大气参数的方法。

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  • 来源
  • 会议地点 Calgary(CA);Calgary(CA);Calgary(CA)
  • 作者

    K.K. Botros; C.J. Ennis; J. Zhou; B. Watson;

  • 作者单位

    NOVA Chemicals Research Technology Centre Calgary, Alberta, Canada;

    NOVA Chemicals Research Technology Centre Calgary, Alberta, Canada;

    Trans Canada PipeLines Limited Calgary, Alberta, Canada;

    Trans Canada PipeLines Limited Calgary, Alberta, Canada;

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