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首页> 外文会议>Biennial International Pipeline Conference(IPC 2004) vol.3; 20041004-08; Calgary(CA) >METHODS FOR ASSESSING RISKS AT ABOVE GROUND INSTALLATIONS
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METHODS FOR ASSESSING RISKS AT ABOVE GROUND INSTALLATIONS

机译：地面设施上的风险评估方法

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摘要

This paper describes a package of computer models that has been developed to assess the risks from gas releases at above ground installations associated with natural gas transmission pipelines. The package can be applied to compressor stations (containing compressor enclosures and associated gas treatment equipment) and pressure reduction stations, through to single block valve installations. It has been designed for use by safety engineers in performing quantified risk and hazard analysis, as required to meet regulatory requirements, such as the COMAH Regulations or the DSEAR Regulations in the UK. It can also be used in the design stage of projects to support decisions related to site layout for example. The package contains a range of mathematical models to assess the consequences of accidental releases of gas (including outflow, dispersion, gas accumulation, fire, explosion and thermal and overpressure response), validated by data from large and full scale experiments. The individual models are linked in a logical manner constructed around a series of "knowledge bases" that provide a defined structure to allow a wide range of different scenarios to be assessed. The predictions of the consequences arising from various scenarios can be combined with estimates of the frequency of initiating events (based on industry statistics where available, or using predictive models), in risk calculation routines which sum the outcomes for the different scenarios to calculate individual and/or societal risk. To illustrate the use of the techniques, examples of their application are given. In particular, it is shown how the risks arising from releases from high pressure vessels or in confined volumes, such as compressor enclosures, can be evaluated.
机译：本文介绍了一套计算机模型，该模型已经开发出来，可以评估与天然气输送管道相关的地上设施释放气体的风险。该套件可应用于压缩机站（包含压缩机外壳和相关的气体处理设备）和减压站，直至单个截止阀装置。它被设计用于安全工程师根据要求进行定量的风险和危害分析，以满足法规要求，例如COMAH法规或英国的DSEAR法规。例如，它还可用于项目的设计阶段，以支持与站点布局有关的决策。该软件包包含一系列数学模型，用于评估气体意外释放（包括流出，扩散，气体累积，着火，爆炸以及热和超压响应）的后果，并已通过大规模和大规模实验的数据进行了验证。各个模型以逻辑方式链接，围绕一系列“知识基础”构建，这些“知识基础”提供了定义的结构，可以评估各种不同的情况。在风险计算程序中，可以将各种场景所产生的后果的预测与启动事件发生频率的估计（基于可用的行业统计数据或使用预测模型）相结合，以汇总不同场景的结果，从而计算出个体和最终事件的发生率。 /或社会风险。为了说明这些技术的使用，给出了其应用示例。尤其显示了如何评估高压容器或密闭空间（例如压缩机外壳）中的释放所引起的风险。

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