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首页> 外文会议>Biennial Worldwide Congress on Refractories; 20051108-11; Orlando,FL(US) >THERMAL AND THERMO-MECHANICAL MODELING OF A 300t TORPEDO LADLE
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THERMAL AND THERMO-MECHANICAL MODELING OF A 300t TORPEDO LADLE

机译：300t鱼雷浇包的热和热力学建模

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The transport of pig iron from the blast furnace to the steel plant is performed in so-called torpedo ladles. Finite element models of ladles have been developed in order to determine an accurate temperature loss of the pig iron and to calculate the occuring mechanical stresses as well as a possible opening of joints at the hot face and failure of refractories. The results showed possible mechanisms of wear. Joints, expansion allowances and refractory mortars have to be part of the model in the case of thermomechanical analyses. The temperatures of the pig iron are calclated for each of the first 15 heats and show a decreasing temperature loss with the number of heats. The loss depends on working lining material and thickness. The logistic boundary conditions are another decisive factor. Choosing the parameters idle time and lining thickness combined with thermal material data properly allows a minimisation of heat loss in the pig iron. If the estimated idle time is short, then a thicker lining is economically more advandageous. This is due to its insulating effect. A long idle time demands a ladle with lower heat capacity and smaller lining thickness. On account of different durabilities of the refractory linings, savings in the energy costs could be counterbalanced by shorter operation times and higher costs for relining and refractory material. Mechanical calculations indicate that changes of lining thickness (i. e. steps in the shape of the hot face) cause discontinuous wear near a step in the thicker part of the lining. A possible opening of joints on the hot face shows a correlation with material properties, for example the hot compressive strength.
机译：生铁从高炉到钢铁厂的运输是在所谓的鱼雷钢包中进行的。钢包的有限元模型已经开发出来，以确定生铁的精确温度损失并计算出现的机械应力以及在热面处可能出现的接头开裂和耐火材料的失效。结果显示了可能的磨损机理。对于热机械分析，必须将接缝，膨胀余量和耐火砂浆作为模型的一部分。对于前15个加热中的每一个，都计算出生铁的温度，并显示出随着加热数量的减少，温度损失逐渐减少。损耗取决于工作衬里材料和厚度。逻辑边界条件是另一个决定性因素。适当选择参数空闲时间和衬里厚度以及热材料数据，可以使生铁中的热损失最小化。如果估计的闲置时间很短，则较厚的衬里在经济上更有利。这是由于其绝缘作用。较长的闲置时间要求钢包的热容量较低，衬里厚度较小。由于耐火衬里的耐久性不同，可以通过缩短操作时间以及增加耐火材料和耐火材料的成本来抵消能源成本的节省。机械计算表明，衬里厚度的变化（即，热面形状的台阶）导致衬里较厚部分的台阶附近的不连续磨损。在热面上可能出现的接缝开口显示出与材料特性（例如，热压缩强度）的相关性。

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