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Token-passing communication protocol in hardware based real-time spiking neural networks

机译：基于硬件的实时尖峰神经网络中的令牌传递通信协议

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摘要

Biological neural networks are based upon axonal point-to-point connections which inspire connectionist architecture. As we attempt to engineer ever larger analogues of these neural networks we are forced to multiplex neural signals over time shared paths. This can alter timing of neural information, which is critical in real-time oscillatory networks. Because shared paths induce extra delay due to multiplexing signals, traveling on the channel and passing through routing devices, guaranteeing event arrival deadlines across the communication process becomes crucial. This paper addresses issues related to the guarantee of event timings with arbitrary deadline constraints in real-time distributed spiking neural network systems based on token-ring architecture. To achieve this objective, we propose an integrated method in selecting key system parameters. We show that several parameters must be set carefully if event deadlines are to be satisfied. The token holding time (THT) parameter controls the bandwidth allocation for each node in the token-ring network, and must be set properly to avoid deadline misses. The target token rotation time (TTRT) determines both the speed of token circulation and the network utilization available to nodes. TTRT should also be chosen carefully to ensure that the token circulates fast enough while maintaining a high available utilization. As prove of concept, the proposed method is applied to a multi-board spiking neural network system hosting up to 140 analog neurons spread across 7 circuit-boards. Experimental analysis shows that deadline constraints are guaranteed along with bandwidth allocation fairness when applying the proposed method.
机译：生物神经网络基于轴突点对点连接，这激发了连接主义者的体系结构。当我们尝试设计这些神经网络的更大类似物时，我们被迫在时间共享路径上多路复用神经信号。这会改变神经信息的时序，这在实时振荡网络中至关重要。由于共享路径会由于多路复用信号（在通道上传播并通过路由设备）而引起额外的延迟，因此确保整个通信过程中事件到达的最后期限至关重要。本文讨论了基于令牌环体系结构的实时分布式尖峰神经网络系统中具有任意截止时间约束的事件时间的保证问题。为了达到这个目的，我们提出了一种选择关键系统参数的综合方法。我们表明，如果要满足事件的截止日期，则必须仔细设置几个参数。令牌保持时间（THT）参数控制令牌环网络中每个节点的带宽分配，并且必须进行适当设置以避免错过最后期限。目标令牌轮换时间（TTRT）决定了令牌循环的速度和节点可用的网络利用率。还应谨慎选择TTRT，以确保令牌流通足够快，同时保持较高的可用利用率。作为概念的证明，所提出的方法被应用于多板钉状神经网络系统，该系统容纳多达140个模拟神经元，这些神经元分布在7个电路板上。实验分析表明，采用本文提出的方法可以保证期限约束和带宽分配的公平性。

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