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首页> 外文会议>Biosensors for direct monitoring of environmental pollutants in field >ORGANIC-PHASE AND INHIBITION-BASED AMPEROMETRIC BIOSENSORS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS
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ORGANIC-PHASE AND INHIBITION-BASED AMPEROMETRIC BIOSENSORS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS

机译：用于检测环境污染物的基于有机相和抑制剂的安培生物传感器

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Organic-phase biosensors have been developed for the detection of environmental pollutants which are either enzyme substrates or enzyme inhibitors. The enzyme substrates are phenols for tyrosinase-based biosensors and peroxides for horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-based sensors. Organic-phase inhibition biosensors for thiourea (THU), ethylenethiourea (ETU), mercaptoethanol (MCE), hydroxylamine (HLA), methylisothiocyanate (MeSNC) and cyanide were based on a peroxidase biosensor, while diethyldithiocarbamate (DEDTC) was detected with a tyrosinase biosensors. The organic-phase HRP and tyrosinase biosensors were prepared by simple immobilisation techniques. The enzymes were entrapped in a cation exchange polymer (Eastman AQ polymer), or in an Os-polymer-enzyme electrostatic complex in the presence of bifunctional glutaraldehyde or poly(ethylene glycol) as a cross-linking agent. A cyanide biosensor was based on the entrapment of HRP in methyltriethoxysilane (MTEOS) sol-gel. The sensors were applied in organic media (such as acetonitrile, methanol, acetone, THF, propanol and 2-butanol) for the detection of peroxides, phenols and the other pollutants (inhibitors). The kinetic parameters for the peroxide and phenol biosensors were determined in the presence and absence of the inhibitors. More efficient organic-phase enzyme electrodes (OPEEs) for the detection of the pollutants, which might be in very small quantities, were developed by employing chemically modified enzymes in the biosensor fabrication. For example, HRP electrodes were prepared with enzymes in which the e-lysine residues were derivatised with bifunctional N-hydroxysuccinimide esters (NHS). The bis-sucinimide-derivatised HRP biosensor exhibited greater organo-tolerance, longer storage/thermal stability and enhanced sensitivity for both peroxides and inhibitors than sensors containing the native enzyme.
机译：已开发出有机相生物传感器来检测环境污染物，这些污染物是酶底物或酶抑制剂。酶底物是用于基于酪氨酸酶的生物传感器的酚和用于辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）的传感器的过氧化物。硫脲（THU），乙撑硫脲（ETU），巯基乙醇（MCE），羟胺（HLA），异硫氰酸甲酯（MeSNC）和氰化物的有机相抑制生物传感器均基于过氧化物酶生物传感器，而酪氨酸酶生物传感器检测到二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸酯（DEDTC）。 。有机相HRP和酪氨酸酶生物传感器是通过简单的固定技术制备的。在双官能戊二醛或聚乙二醇作为交联剂的情况下，将酶截留在阳离子交换聚合物（伊士曼AQ聚合物）中或在Os-聚合物-酶静电复合物中。氰化物生物传感器基于HRP在甲基三乙氧基硅烷（MTEOS）溶胶-凝胶中的截留。该传感器被应用于有机介质（例如乙腈，甲醇，丙酮，THF，丙醇和2-丁醇）中，以检测过氧化物，酚和其他污染物（抑制剂）。在存在和不存在抑制剂的情况下，确定了过氧化物和苯酚生物传感器的动力学参数。通过在生物传感器的制造中采用化学修饰的酶，开发了用于检测污染物的高效有机相酶电极（OPEE），这种电极的数量可能非常少。例如，HRP电极是用酶制备的，其中赖氨酸残基是用双官能N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺酯（NHS）衍生的。与含有天然酶的传感器相比，双磺酰亚胺衍生的HRP生物传感器表现出更高的有机耐受性，更长的储存/热稳定性以及对过氧化物和抑制剂的敏感性增强。

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