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首页> 外文会议>California and the World Ocean'02 Conference : Revisiting and Revising California's Ocean Agenda; 20021027-30; Santa Barbara,CA(US) >Marine Debris Monitoring And Data Collection Activities Conducted By The Ocean Conservancy
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Marine Debris Monitoring And Data Collection Activities Conducted By The Ocean Conservancy

机译：海洋保护组织开展的海洋废弃物监测和数据收集活动

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摘要

Since mankind set-sail upon the open oceans hundreds of years ago, the oceans have been a dumping ground for human generated trash and debris. Just as waste generated on land has been deposited into managed landfills, wastes generated at sea were simply discharged overboard (National Research Council 1995). Prior to the 1960's, ocean-dumped materials provoked little concern as an environmental issue due to the fact that the majority of these materials were composed of natural fibers and other components that easily decayed and degraded. Since the 1950's however, the nature of the trash and debris began to take on a new character with the development of plastics (Marine Mammal Commission 1990). Over the last 50 years, society has embraced the benefits and applications of plastic materials. It's, strength, durability, light weight, versatility, ease of production and handling, and lower costs, were quickly utilized by industry for manufacturing and packaging, making plastic preferable over other materials (ITF 1988).
机译：自数百年前人类在大洋上航行以来，海洋一直是人类产生的垃圾和杂物的垃圾场。正如陆地上产生的废物已被存放到可管理的垃圾填埋场一样，海上产生的废物也只是被排放到船外（国家研究委员会，1995）。在1960年代之前，由于这些材料中的大多数是由天然纤维和其他容易腐烂和降解的成分组成的，因此作为环境问题几乎没有引起海洋垃圾的关注。然而，自1950年代以来，随着塑料的发展，垃圾和杂物的性质开始呈现出新的特征（海洋哺乳动物委员会1990）。在过去的50年中，社会接受了塑料的益处和应用。它的强度，耐用性，重量轻，多功能性，易于生产和处理以及较低的成本，已被工业迅速用于制造和包装，使塑料优于其他材料（ITF 1988）。

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