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DAM SAFETY LEGISLATIONS, REGULATIONS AND GUIDELINES

机译:大坝安全立法,法规和指南

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摘要

The purpose of a Dam Safety Program, which includes legislation, regulations, and guidelines, is to reduce the risk to life and property from dam failure. While the purpose is generally accepted by various State agencies and organizations, criteria and requirements to be considered for safety evaluation of dams and appurtenant structures vary quite widely. Considering among others, the applicability of the program, the classification of dams, the different recommended loading conditions (flood, earthquake) as well the various construction, maintenance and surveillance requirements by various agencies and organizations, it can be inferred that the safety of dams is established based on a set of more or less objective criteria. As a matter of fact, even if in spirit there is no contradictory criteria or requirements among different programs, specific numerical values and conditions in dam safety evaluations established by local authorities can deviate from the values and conditions considered by some central agencies or authorities, and be different even for neighboring States or Provinces. This paper presents a comparative and critical analysis of dam safety criteria and requirements from different State and Provincial agencies in USA and Canada, leading to the conclusion that no unique dam safety guidelines, applicable to all dams under Federal or State (Province) jurisdictions, can be envisaged.
机译:大坝安全计划(包括法律,法规和指南)的目的是减少大坝故障对生命和财产造成的风险。尽管该目的已为各州机构和组织所普遍接受,但对大坝和附属建筑物进行安全评估时应考虑的标准和要求相差很大。考虑到该程序的适用性,大坝的分类,建议的不同装载条件(洪水,地震)以及各个机构和组织的各种建设,维护和监视要求,可以推断出大坝的安全性是基于一组或多或少的客观标准而建立的。事实上,即使在本质上不同计划之间没有矛盾的标准或要求,地方当局在大坝安全性评估中确定的具体数值和条件也可能会偏离某些中央机构或当局考虑的价值观和条件,并且即使对于邻国或省也有所不同。本文对美国和加拿大不同州和省级机构的大坝安全标准和要求进行了比较和批判性分析,得出的结论是,没有适用于联邦或州(省)管辖范围内所有大坝的独特大坝安全准则可以被设想。

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