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首页> 外文会议>CDS Report no.377; Western Dredging Association 24th Technical Conference and 36th Texas Aamp;M Dredging Seminar; 20040706-09; Orlando,FL(US) >ENGINEERING CHALLENGES WITH REMEDIAL OPTIONS OF 300,000 CUBIC YARDS OF SEDIMENTS FROM ACID MINE DRAINAGE
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ENGINEERING CHALLENGES WITH REMEDIAL OPTIONS OF 300,000 CUBIC YARDS OF SEDIMENTS FROM ACID MINE DRAINAGE

机译：酸性矿山排水对30万立方码沉积物的补救措施的工程挑战

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This paper describes the engineering challenges with the implementation of remedial options developed for approximately 300,000 cubic yards (cy) of hydrous metal oxide precipitates mixed with fine-grained fluvial creek sediments. These precipitates were formed from acid mine drainage (AMD) that has discharged from Iron Mountain Mine (IMM), which is located near Redding, California. AMD from IMM is transported via Spring Creek to the Spring Creek Reservoir and then into the Spring Creek Arm of Keswick Reservoir. The Spring Creek Arm of Keswick Reservoir is approximately two-thirds of a mile long and contains three piles of sediment formed from the AMD releases from Spring Creek Reservoir. The precipitates in the sediment piles are principally iron hydroxides with smaller quantities of copper, zinc, aluminum, and other metals, either adsorbed or complexed with the iron hydroxides. The majority of the metals-enriched sediment and precipitates currently in the Spring Creek Arm have been deposited since 1963, when the delta was excavated for the construction of the Spring Creek Debris Dam and Spring Creek Power Plant. Physically, the precipitates are colloidal and easily resuspended. Initial investigations have indicated the upper and lower portions of the sediment piles in the Spring Creek Arm have notable different physical properties. The bottom portion of the piles is approximately 46 percent solids by mass (24 percent by volume) with a solids specific gravity of 2.7, and the top half is approximately 16 percent solids by mass (7.3 percent by volume) with a solids specific gravity of 2.4. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)—under the authority of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA), as amended by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986—is conducting a remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) to address contamination associated with sediment in the Spring Creek Arm of the Keswick Reservoir. Completed and ongoing remedial actions conducted by EPA to control the sources of AMD at IMM have significantly reduced the acidity and metals content in surface water from IMM. Previous studies at the site, including the Iron Mountain Mine Sediment Remedial Investigation, document the toxicity of the sediments. Remedial alternatives are being developed in the Iron Mountain Mine Sediment Feasibility Study to address contaminated sediments in the Spring Creek Arm. The feasibility study considers potential remedial actions for contaminated sediments that include capping, full removal by dredging, partial removal by dredging, and a combination of partial dredging with capping. A subaqueous cap over contaminated sediment piles in the Spring Creek Arm would cover an area of up to 24 acres and require as much as 80,000 cy of cover material. Full or partial removal of sediments would consist of hydraulic dredging followed by dewatering of dredged discharge for disposal. Two potential locations are being evaluated for upland disposal of dewatered dredge material in an engineered disposal cell. These disposal locations would require approximately 6,000 to 8,000 feet of conveyance piping and have an elevation gain of 250 to 350 feet. The dewatering/disposal facility would be constructed prior to the initiation of dredging activities. Based on a treatability study performed in 2003, sediments would require 24 hours of settling for the discharge to meet water quality standards.
机译：本文介绍了针对约300,000立方码（cy）的含水金属氧化物沉淀物与细粒河流小河沉积物混合开发的补救方案的实施所面临的工程挑战。这些沉淀物是由位于加利福尼亚州雷丁附近的铁山矿（IMM）排放的酸性矿山排水（AMD）形成的。来自IMM的AMD经由Spring Creek被运输到Spring Creek水库，然后进入Keswick水库的Spring Creek Arm。凯瑟克水库的斯普林克里克臂长约三分之二英里，其中包含三堆由斯普林克里克水库的AMD释放物形成的沉积物。沉积物堆中的沉淀物主要是氢氧化铁，以及较少量的铜，锌，铝和其他金属，它们吸附或与氢氧化铁络合。自1963年开挖三角洲以建造Spring Creek垃圾坝和Spring Creek发电厂以来，Spring Creek Arm中的大多数富含金属的沉积物和沉淀物已经沉积。从物理上讲，这些沉淀物是胶体，很容易重悬。初步研究表明，Spring Creek Arm沉积物桩的上部和下部具有显着不同的物理特性。桩的底部约为固体质量比（质量分数）为46％（按体积计24％），固体比重为2.7，而上半部分约为固体质量比（质量比）为16％（按体积计7.3％），固体比重为2.4。美国环境保护局（EPA）在1980年《全面环境应对，赔偿和责任法》（CERCLA）的授权下，经1986年《超级基金修正案和重新授权法》修正，正在进行补救调查/可行性研究（ RI / FS），以解决与凯瑟克水库Spring Creek Arm沉积物有关的污染。 EPA为控制IMM中AMD的来源而进行的全面且持续的补救措施已大大降低了IMM中地表水中的酸度和金属含量。该矿场以前的研究，包括铁山煤矿沉积物补救调查，都记录了沉积物的毒性。 《铁山矿山沉积物可行性研究》中正在开发补救措施，以解决斯普林克里克地区受污染的沉积物。可行性研究考虑了受污染沉积物的潜在补救措施，包括封盖，挖泥完全清除，挖泥部分清除以及部分挖泥与封盖相结合。在Spring Creek Arm中受污染的沉积物桩上的水下盖将覆盖多达24英亩的面积，并需要多达80,000 cy的覆盖材料。全部或部分清除沉积物的方法包括水力疏ging，然后对疏discharge的排水进行脱水处理。正在对两个潜在位置进行评估，以便在工程处理单元中对脱水的挖泥机物料进行陆上处理。这些处置地点将需要大约6,000到8,000英尺的输送管道，并具有250到350英尺的海拔高度增加。脱水/处置设施将在疏activities活动开始之前建造。根据2003年进行的可处理性研究，沉积物需要24小时沉淀才能达到排放标准，以达到水质标准。

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