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首页> 外文会议>Center for Chemical Process Safety(CCPS) International Conference and American Institute of Chemical Engineers(AIChE) Spring Meeting; 20050410-14; Atlanta,GA(US) >Two Hundred Years of PSM at DuPont
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Two Hundred Years of PSM at DuPont

机译：杜邦PSM成立200年

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摘要

Process Safety Management (PSM) is a comprehensive, integrated set of management systems designed to help manage chemical risk and other types of process hazards with the primary goal of preventing process-related incidents and injuries. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the history, current practices, performance, and future improvement of PSM at DuPont. Since its founding as an explosives company in 1803, DuPont has had a core value for safety and process safety, with E. I. DuPont noting that "We must seek to understand the hazards we live with." The design of the first powder mills, for example, included consideration of such details as minimum safe distances between mills, proper siting and orientation of the production facilities, minimization of ignition sources, blast-resistant construction and over-pressure venting, all intended to help minimize the effects of any potential incidents. E.I. DuPont also established clear management accountability in terms of process safety in the operation of the powder mills, including a policy that line management was accountable and that "no employee may enter a new or rebuilt mill until a member of top management has personally operated it". Safe operating procedures, management of change practices, and predecessors of other PSM systems date to early in the company's history, and management directives for a goal of zero injuries dates from at least 1915. In the 1950 's, an early application of the company's first computers was to maintain the records for preventive maintenance of process equipment, foreshadowing today's mechanical integrity efforts. A process hazards review program was introduced company-wide in 1966, following a major site explosion in 1965, in effect, beginning the modern era of PSM at DuPont. Following a series of serious accidents and near-miss incidents in the 1970s, the PSM program was further developed, refined, and in 1979, formalized to include a total of 14 elements, organized under the categories of technology, personnel, and facilities. With additional major industrial incidents, the resultant regulatory and industry guidance from the 1980's to the early 1990's, and application of the learnings from company experience, the PSM program at DuPont has continued to evolve. In the last ten years, the scope of PSM was expanded to include Lower Hazard Operations (LHO) and laboratory/pilot plant facilities, in addition to traditional Higher Hazard Processes (HHP), thus extending the principles of PSM to help improve process safety at all company facilities. More recently, a new focus on operational discipline has been introduced, helping to ensure that PSM systems are properly maintained and followed. DuPont's business portfolio continues to change by developing new technologies and through bolt-on acquisitions with a multi-faceted focus of traditional chemical manufacturing, biotechnology, and integrated science. PSM is an important program to help ensure effective risk management across all existing and new operations.
机译：过程安全管理（PSM）是一套全面，集成的管理系统，旨在帮助管理化学风险和其他类型的过程危害，其主要目标是防止与过程有关的事件和伤害。本文的目的是讨论杜邦PSM的历史，当前实践，性能以及未来的改进。自从1803年成立炸药公司以来，杜邦就一直具有安全性和过程安全性的核心价值，杜邦E. I.杜邦指出：“我们必须寻求了解我们所面临的危害。”例如，第一批粉磨机的设计包括考虑以下细节：粉磨机之间的最小安全距离，生产设施的正确选址和方向，最小化点火源，防爆结构和超压通风，所有这些都是为了帮助最小化任何潜在事件的影响。 E.I.杜邦还在粉磨厂的运营过程中建立了明确的管理责任制，包括对生产线管理人员负责的政策，以及“除非高层管理人员亲自操作，否则任何员工都不得进入新厂或改建厂” 。安全的操作程序，变更实践的管理以及其他PSM系统的前身可以追溯到公司的历史早期，而实现零伤害目标的管理指令至少可以追溯到1915年。1950年代，公司的早期应用是第一台计算机用于维护过程设备的预防性维护记录，预示了当今的机械完整性工作。实际上，1965年发生大规模现场爆炸后，1966年在全公司范围内引入了过程危害评估程序，从而开始了杜邦PSM的现代化时代。在1970年代发生了一系列严重事故和未遂事件之后，PSM计划得到了进一步发展，完善，并于1979年正式确定为包括14个要素，分为技术，人员和设施类别。随着其他重大工业事件，从1980年代到1990年代初的法规和行业指导以及从公司经验中汲取的教训的应用，杜邦的PSM计划不断发展。在过去的十年中，PSM的范围已扩展到除传统的高危害流程（HHP）之外，还包括低危害操作（LHO）和实验室/中试工厂设施，从而扩展了PSM的原理，以帮助提高过程安全性。公司所有设施。最近，引入了对操作纪律的新关注，以帮助确保正确维护和遵循PSM系统。杜邦的业务组合不断变化，包括开发新技术以及通过并购而进行的收购，这些收购涉及传统化学制造，生物技术和集成科学等多个方面。 PSM是一项重要计划，可帮助确保对所有现有和新运营进行有效的风险管理。

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