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首页> 外文会议>Chemical separations technologies and related methods of nuclear waste management : Applications, problems, and research needs >THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF URANIUM MINING AND MILLING AND THE METHODS OF THEIR REDUCTION
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THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF URANIUM MINING AND MILLING AND THE METHODS OF THEIR REDUCTION

机译：铀矿开采对环境的影响及其还原方法

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摘要

The review presents a short discussion of the principal adverse effects of uranium mining and milling on the environment: release of radionuclides and toxic elements with atmospheric and liquid effluents from uranium mines and mills, dispersion of radionuclides with and from solid wastes produced by uranium mining and milling, and contamination of ground waters from in situ leaching of uranium or from the seepage of contaminated waters into aquifers. The effects are illustrated by data on the release of individual contaminants, on the resulting concentrations of the contaminants in environmental media, and on the radiation rates due to the contamination.rnRemediation criteria and methods applicable for the reduction of the adverse effects are also discussed. Examples of limits on the release of radionuclides into the atmosphere and hydrosphere are given, as well as limits on the concentration of radionuclides in the atmosphere and soil. Methods of protection of the atmosphere and hydrosphere from contamination by uranium mining and milling are briefly outlined, together with methods for remediation of contaminated land surface.
机译：审查简要讨论了铀矿开采和碾磨对环境的主要不利影响：从铀矿山和工厂释放的放射性核素和有毒气体以及大气和液体流出物，放射性核素与铀开采和开采产生的固体废物之间的分散铀的原地浸出或被污染的水渗入含水层的过程中，研磨，污染地下水。各种污染物的释放，环境介质中污染物的最终浓度以及由于污染物引起的辐射速率的数据都说明了这种影响。还讨论了适用于减少不利影响的补救标准和方法。给出了限制放射性核素向大气和水圈中释放的例子，以及限制放射性核素在大气和土壤中的浓度的例子。简要概述了保护大气层和水圈免受铀矿开采和研磨污染的方法，以及补救受污染土地表面的方法。

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