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Direction of Small Business Engaged in Freight Services in Port

机译：小型企业从事港口货运服务的方向

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摘要

Many researches on the port logistics problem were carried out so far. In this paper, we have classified the problem in port business engaged in freight service into 3 types by the constituents of the subject. They are (1) problem of a business enterprise itself, (2) problem in business dealing, and (3) problem of port policy. As the result of examination, it can be said that, the port logistics in Japan is featured by the importance of small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) problem. The SME problem is classified by the relation between big enterprises. These relations are (1) no relation (2) a competitive relation. (3) cooperation, (4) subordinate to the big enterprise. We have carried out the examination of solving plan for a general SME. As a result, it became clear that there are the following directions for a SME to survive. (1)Aiming at the economics of scale in the field where the number of SME are too many and the big enterprise does not exist. (2)Aiming at niche business where the big enterprise can not join in easily or does not consider entering. (3)Aiming at consolidation or cooperation by the support of government. (4)Aiming at Virtual Company (VC) by pursuing the economics of speed and utilizing internet network and information technology (IT).
机译：迄今为止，已经对港口物流问题进行了许多研究。在本文中，我们按照主题的组成将从事货运服务的港口业务中的问题分为三类。它们是（1）商业企业本身的问题，（2）商业交易中的问题，以及（3）港口政策的问题。审查的结果可以说，日本的港口物流具有中小企业问题的重要性。中小企业问题按大企业之间的关系分类。这些关系是（1）没有关系（2）竞争关系。 （3）合作，（4）从属大企业。我们已经对普通中小企业的解决方案进行了审查。结果，很明显，中小企业有以下生存方向。 （1）针对中小企业数量过多，大企业不存在的领域的规模经济。 （2）针对大企业不容易加入或不考虑进入的利基业务。 （3）以政府的支持为目标进行整合或合作。 （4）以追求经济效益，利用互联网和信息技术（IT）为目标的虚拟公司（VC）。

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