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首页> 外文会议>Cold regions engineering 2009 : Cold regions impact on research, design, and construction >Bioretention of Simulated Snowmelt: Cold Climate Performance and Design Criteria
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Bioretention of Simulated Snowmelt: Cold Climate Performance and Design Criteria

机译：模拟融雪的生物保留：寒冷气候性能和设计标准

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One of the primary tools used in decentralized urban stormwater management is routing runoff to bioretention systems integrated into the landscape (Oberts, 2003). To date, observation suggests that bioretention systems continue to infiltrate during the winter to varying degrees; however, little field research is currently available to quantify their snowmelt infiltration performance. A three-year study funded by the Water Environment Research Foundation (WERF) field-tested the cold climate hydrologic performance of four existing bioretention cells in the greater Twin Cities, MN, region. Sites were selected based on varying design applications including parking lot runoff, street runoff in a residential setting and a commercial application, in soils from sand and sandy loam to clay loam. The primary hydrologic test consisted of applying up to 6,000 gallons of water to a bioretention cell under various frost conditions. The synthetic snowmelt infiltration rates at the surface were measured as the pool receded while dynamic soil moisture readings tracked the subsurface water movement through the soil profile. Data on air, water and soil temperature, snow depth and frost penetration were collected on site. Measured responses reveal that these bioretention cells maintained hydrologic function in cold climates including many cases where rapid infiltration occurred. The primary study findings are that bioretention systems designed successfully for warm climate conditions will likely perform well in cold climate conditions and a well draining soil-type is the single most important design characteristic. The type of frost, rather than the presence or absence of frost, strongly influences bioretention performance, restricting infiltration under concrete frost conditions and facilitating rapid infiltration under granular frost conditions. Under-drains affect both the range of infiltration rates and the overall function.
机译：分散式城市雨水管理中使用的主要工具之一是将径流路由至与景观整合的生物保留系统（Oberts，2003年）。迄今为止，观察表明，生物滞留系统在冬季继续以不同程度渗透。但是，目前很少有野外研究来量化其融雪的渗透性能。由水环境研究基金会（WERF）资助的为期三年的研究对明尼苏达州大双城地区现有的四个生物保留单元的寒冷气候水文性能进行了现场测试。根据不同的设计应用（包括停车场径流，住宅环境中的街道径流和商业应用）选择了地点，这些土壤从沙子和沙壤土到黏土壤土。主要的水文测试包括在各种霜冻条件下向生物保留池中添加多达6,000加仑的水。当水池退缩时，测量表面的合成融雪渗透率，同时动态土壤湿度读数通过土壤剖面追踪地下水分运动。现场收集了有关空气，水和土壤温度，雪深和霜冻渗透的数据。测得的反应表明，这些生物保留细胞在寒冷的气候中（包括许多发生快速渗透的情况）保持了水文功能。初步研究结果是，为温暖的气候条件成功设计的生物保留系统在寒冷的气候条件下可能表现良好，而排水良好的土壤类型是唯一最重要的设计特征。霜的类型（而不是霜的存在与否）会严重影响生物保留性能，限制混凝土霜条件下的渗透，并促进粒状霜条件下的快速渗透。雨水不足会影响渗透率范围和整体功能。

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