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KEEPING AN AGING DAM PERFORMING IN THE 21st CENTURY

机译：保持21世纪的老龄化表现

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Building a concrete arch dam in the Sierra Nevada Mountains, deep in the Ansel Adams Wilderness Area, raised many challenges, while taxing the construction capabilities present in the early 1900s. By far a greater challenge has been keeping that dam performing safely and effectively for almost one hundred years. Freeze-thaw cycles, changing regulatory requirements, escalated extreme load conditions (seismic and flood), location logistics, and Wilderness Area restrictions have either caused the degradation of the dam or impacted the maintenance efforts necessary to respond to deterioration. Rush Meadows Dam, located in the eastern Sierra Nevada Mountains west of June Lake, California, entered service in 1925. Decades of severe environmental exposure have resulted in concrete damage and corrosion of post-tensioned anchors. To address these two conditions, Southern California Edison (SCE) undertook a program to replace the post-tensioned anchors and to install a geomembrane liner over the upstream face. The geomembrane liner will prevent water migration through the concrete, thus interrupting freeze/thaw cycles and stopping the concrete damage caused by freeze/thaw. The replacement anchors will insure that dam stability is maintained, even under seismic and flood loads that are larger than the existing deteriorated anchors were designed to resist.rnThe logistics and permitting associated with construction efforts in a federal wilderness area are significant. Mobilization of work crews, equipment, and material required the use of pack animals, except when equipment was too heavy and a restricted number of helicopter lifts could be arranged with the United States Forest Service. A temporary camp was established at the dam to support the workers, including meal preparation, sanitation facilities, and tents. Permits were required from numerous state and federal agencies, including Army Corps of Engineers, Regional Water Board, Department of Fish and Game, and State Historical Preservation Office.
机译：在安塞尔·亚当斯荒野地区深处的内华达山脉山脉建造混凝土拱坝，给许多挑战带来了挑战，同时又给1900年代初期的建筑能力增加了负担。迄今为止，更大的挑战一直是使该大坝安全有效地运行近一百年。冻融循环，不断变化的法规要求，极端负荷条件的升级（地震和洪水），位置物流以及荒野地区的限制，要么导致了大坝的退化，要么影响了应对退化所需的维护工作。 Rush Meadows大坝位于加利福尼亚州六月湖以西的内华达山脉东部，于1925年投入使用。数十年的严重环境暴露导致混凝土损坏和后张锚的腐蚀。为了解决这两种情况，南加州爱迪生公司（SCE）进行了一项计划，以更换后张锚，并在上游工作面安装土工膜衬砌。土工膜衬里将防止水通过混凝土迁移，从而中断冻融循环并停止由冻融造成的混凝土破坏。替换后的锚将确保大坝的稳定性，即使在地震和洪水荷载大于设计的现有退化锚的抵抗能力下也是如此。在联邦荒野地区的后勤建设和许可工作意义重大。动员工作人员，设备和材料需要使用打包动物，除非设备太重并且可以与美国森林服务局安排数量有限的直升机升降机。大坝上建立了一个临时营地，以支持工人，包括准备饭菜，卫生设施和帐篷。许多州和联邦机构，包括陆军工程兵团，地区水务局，鱼类和野味部以及州历史保护办公室都需要获得许可。

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