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INTERNAL EROSION AND IMPACT OF EROSION RESISTANCE

机译：内部侵蚀和抗侵蚀影响

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摘要

The two most common causes of earthen embankment and levee failure are embankment overtopping and internal erosion. Internal erosion occurs when water flows through a cavity, crack, and/or other opening within the embankment. These openings may be a result of inadequate compaction during construction, differential settlement, desiccation, earthquakes, burrowing animals, and/or vegetation roots. One of the challenges in predicting failure due to internal erosion is characterizing the material properties relevant to the rate of failure. A series of four large scale earthen embankment internal erosion tests have been conducted at the USDA-ARS Hydraulic Engineering Research Unit in Stillwater, Oklahoma to evaluate how soil properties influence the erosion rate, timing, and geometry of an embankment breach as well as outflow from an embankment breach. The embankments were constructed of homogeneous soils to a height of 1.3 m with a 40-mm diameter, continuous steel pipe placed through the embankment for purposes of initiating internal erosion. Three different materials were used in the tests ranging from an SM to a CL material. The embankment materials were characterized by water content, density, texture, strength, and erodibility. Erodibility was measured using a jet erosion test (JET). The rate of internal erosion and failure observed in these tests varied by several orders of magnitude. This paper documents the observed rate of failure for two of the internal erosion tests PI and P4 which represent the two extremes in field and laboratory erodibility measurements and in embankment erosion rates.
机译：土堤和堤防破坏的两个最常见的原因是土堤翻倒和内部侵蚀。当水流过路堤内的空腔，裂缝和/或其他开口时，就会发生内部侵蚀。这些开口可能是由于施工期间压实不足，差异沉降，干燥，地震，挖穴动物和/或植物根系造成的。预测由于内部腐蚀造成的故障的挑战之一是表征与故障率相关的材料特性。在俄克拉荷马州斯蒂尔沃特的USDA-ARS水力工程研究部门进行了一系列四个大型土路堤内部侵蚀测试，以评估土壤特性如何影响路堤的侵蚀率，时间和几何形状以及裂口流出的影响。路堤违规。路堤由均质土壤建造，高度为1.3 m，直径40毫米，连续钢管穿过路堤，以引发内部侵蚀。测试中使用了三种不同的材料，从SM材料到CL材料。路堤材料的特征在于水含量，密度，质地，强度和易蚀性。使用喷射侵蚀试验（JET）测量可蚀性。在这些测试中观察到的内部腐蚀和破坏的速率变化了几个数量级。本文记录了两个内部腐蚀测试PI和P4的观察到的破坏率，这代表了现场和实验室可蚀性测量以及路堤腐蚀率的两个极端。

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  • 会议地点 Sacramento CA(US)
  • 作者

    G. J. Hanson; rnR.D. Tejral; rnS. L. Hunt; D.M. Temple;

  • 作者单位

    USDA Agricultural Research Service, Hydraulic Engineering Research Unit, Stillwater, OK 74075;

    rnUSDA Agricultural Research Service, Hydraulic Engineering Research Unit, Stillwater, OK 74075;

    rnUSDA Agricultural Research Service, Hydraulic Engineering Research Unit, Stillwater, OK 74075;

    rnUSDA Agricultural Research Service, Hydraulic Engineering Research Unit, Stillwater, OK 74075;

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