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Pulse, polarization and topology shaping of polariton fluids

机译：极化子流体的脉冲，极化和拓扑整形

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Here we present different approaches to ultrafast pulse and polarization shaping, based on a "quantum fluid" platform of polaritons. Indeed we exploit the normal modes of two dimensional polariton fluids made of strong coupled quantum well excitons and microcavity photons, by rooting different polarization and topological states into their sub-picosecond Rabi oscillations. Coherent control of two resonant excitation pulses allows us to prepare the desired state of the polariton, taking benefit from its four-component features given by the combination of the two normal modes with the two degrees of polarization. An ultrafast imaging based on the digital off-axis holography technique is implemented to study the polariton complex wavefunction with time and space resolution. We show in order coherent control of the polariton state on the Bloch sphere, an ultrafast polarization sweeping of the Poincare sphere, and the dynamical twist of full Poincare states such as the skyrmion on the sphere itself. Finally, we realize a new kind of ultrafast swirling vortices by adding the angular momentum degree of freedom to the two-pulse scheme. These oscillating topology states are characterized by one or more inner phase singularities tubes which spirals around the axis of propagation. The mechanism is devised in the splitting of the vortex into the upper and lower polaritons, resulting in an oscillatory exchange of energy and angular momentum and in the emitted time and space structured photonic packets.
机译：在这里，我们基于极化子的“量子流体”平台，提出了不同的超快脉冲和极化整形方法。的确，我们通过将不同的极化和拓扑状态扎根到其亚皮秒的拉比振荡中，来利用由强耦合量子阱激子和微腔光子组成的二维极化子流体的正常模式。对两个谐振激发脉冲的相干控制使我们能够利用两个法向模态与两个偏振度的组合所给出的四分量特性，来准备所需的偏振态。实现了一种基于数字离轴全息技术的超快成像技术，以研究具有时间和空间分辨率的极化子复波函数。我们显示了布洛赫球上的极化子状态的相干控制，庞加莱球的超快极化扫描，以及完整庞加莱状态的动态扭曲，例如球本身上的天rm。最后，通过将角动量自由度添加到两脉冲方案中，我们实现了一种新型的超快旋涡。这些振荡拓扑状态的特征在于一个或多个内相奇异性管，它们围绕传播轴成螺旋形。该机制设计为将涡旋分为上下极化子，从而导致能量和角动量的振荡交换以及发射的时空结构光子包。

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