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A super-resolution algorithm for enhancement of FLASH LIDAR data

机译：用于增强FLASH LIDAR数据的超分辨率算法

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A novel method for enhancement of the spatial resolution of 3-diminsional Flash Lidar images is being proposed for generation of elevation maps of terrain from a moving platform. NASA recognizes the Flash LIDAR technology as an important tool for enabling safe and precision landing in future unmanned and crewed lunar and planetary missions. The ability of the Flash LIDAR to generate 3-dimensional maps of the landing site area during the final stages of the descent phase for detection of hazardous terrain features such as craters, rocks, and steep slopes is under study in the frame of the Autonomous Landing and Hazard Avoidance (ALHAT) project. Since single frames of existing FLASH LIDAR systems are not sufficient to build a map of entire landing site with acceptable spatial resolution and precision, a super-resolution approach utilizing multiple frames has been developed to overcome the instrument's limitations. Performance of the super-resolution algorithm has been analyzed through a series of simulation runs obtained from a high fidelity Flash LIDAR model and a high resolution synthetic lunar elevation map. For each simulation run, a sequence of FLASH LIDAR frames are recorded and processed as the spacecraft descends toward the landing site. Simulations runs having different trajectory profiles and varying LIDAR look angles of the terrain are also analyzed. The results show that adequate levels of accuracy and precision are achieved for detecting hazardous terrain features and identifying safe areas of the landing site.
机译：提出了一种提高3维Flash Lidar图像空间分辨率的新颖方法，用于从移动平台生成地形的高程图。 NASA认识到Flash LIDAR技术是在未来的无人和乘员登月与行星飞行任务中实现安全，精确着陆的重要工具。在自主着陆框架中，正在研究Flash LIDAR在下降阶段的最后阶段生成着陆点区域3维地图以检测危险的地形特征（如陨石坑，岩石和陡坡）的能力。和危险回避（ALHAT）项目。由于现有的FLASH LIDAR系统的单帧不足以建立具有可接受的空间分辨率和精度的整个着陆点地图，因此已开发出利用多帧的超分辨率方法来克服仪器的局限性。通过从高保真Flash LIDAR模型和高分辨率合成月球高程图获得的一系列模拟运行，分析了超分辨率算法的性能。对于每次模拟运行，当航天器朝着着陆点下降时，都会记录并处理一系列FLASH LIDAR帧。还分析了具有不同轨迹轮廓和地形的LIDAR可视角度的模拟运行。结果表明，在检测危险地形特征和识别着陆点的安全区域方面，可以达到足够的精度和精确度。

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