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Software redundancy design for a Human-Machine Interface in railway vehicles

机译：铁路车辆人机界面的软件冗余设计

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摘要

The Human-Machine Interface (HMI), which displays the real-time status of electrical systems, interacts with the driver or operator, and collects and reports system fault information, is an important device in railway vehicles. The HMI is a critical component of the control and diagnosis system in the railway vehicle, thus the reliability of the HMI software affects the reliability and safety of the whole railway vehicle. Therefore, it is necessary to design the HMI software with high reliability for railway vehicles so as to ensure the reliability, stability and safety of the railway vehicle operation. This paper analyzes the HMI software function requirements, which include information display, the human-machine interaction, and communication. A kind of redundancy mechanism is proposed, which employs two structural redundancy methods: N-version programming and recovery blocks. The HMI software is divided into the information display module, the human-machine interaction module and the communication module, and each module is made up of some components. Based on the analysis of the reliability requirement, complexity, and the implementation cost for each component in the HMI software modules, the corresponding redundancy design mechanism is proposed, which consider the tradeoff between the reliability and the cost. In order to evaluate the reliability of the designed redundancy mechanism, a scenario-based reliability analysis method is used to calculate the reliability of the HMI software, which constructs five scenarios and employs the component dependency graph to compute the reliability. The reliability of the HMI software after redundancy design is compared with that before the redundancy design.
机译：人机界面（HMI）是铁路车辆中的重要设备，它显示电气系统的实时状态，与驾驶员或操作员进行交互，并收集和报告系统故障信息。 HMI是铁路车辆控制和诊断系统的关键组件，因此HMI软件的可靠性会影响整个铁路车辆的可靠性和安全性。因此，有必要设计铁路车辆高可靠性的HMI软件，以确保铁路车辆运行的可靠性，稳定性和安全性。本文分析了HMI软件的功能需求，包括信息显示，人机交互和通讯。提出了一种冗余机制，该机制采用两种结构冗余方法：N版本编程和恢复块。 HMI软件分为信息显示模块，人机交互模块和通讯模块，每个模块由一些组件组成。在对HMI软件模块中每个组件的可靠性要求，复杂性和实现成本进行分析的基础上，提出了相应的冗余设计机制，该机制考虑了可靠性和成本之间的权衡。为了评估所设计的冗余机制的可靠性，使用了基于场景的可靠性分析方法来计算HMI软件的可靠性，该方法构造了五个场景并使用组件依赖图来计算可靠性。比较了冗余设计之后的HMI软件的可靠性和冗余设计之前的HMI软件的可靠性。

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