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Latest development on the simulation of rolling contact fatigue crack growth in rails

机译：轨道滚动接触疲劳裂纹扩展模拟的最新进展

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The two main causes of railway replacement are wear and rolling contact fatigue. Rolling contact fatigue has been a critical problem on UK railways. This paper describes recent developments in the modelling of cracks in rails, which incorporates in the model the contact between the crack faces during calculation of the Stress Intensity Factors (SIFs). This data is then combined with the SIFs caused by contact loading to provide a more realistic simulation of the crack growth. The way the methodology can be applied is described, for example using point loads to represent non-conforming contact to obtain the interaction between the wheel and the rail. The process of the wheel rolling over the crack can be modelled by moving the so called 'contact patch' along the rail. Various conditions can be applied to the crack, including frictionless contact between opposing surfaces, or frictional contact. In addition, pressure can be applied to the crack surfaces to take into account the water trapped inside the crack as the wheel rolls over. An example is given at the end of the paper to illustrate the advantages of the improved model.
机译：铁路更换的两个主要原因是磨损和滚动接触疲劳。滚动接触疲劳一直是英国铁路上的关键问题。本文介绍了钢轨裂纹建模的最新进展，该模型在计算应力强度因子（SIF）的过程中将裂纹面之间的接触纳入了模型。然后，将这些数据与由接触载荷引起的SIF相结合，以提供更真实的裂纹扩展模拟。描述了可以应用该方法的方式，例如使用点载荷表示不合格的接触以获得车轮和轨道之间的相互作用。车轮在裂纹上滚动的过程可以通过沿轨道移动所谓的“接触补丁”来建模。可以对裂纹施加各种条件，包括相对表面之间的无摩擦接触或摩擦接触。另外，可以将压力施加到裂纹表面，以考虑到车轮滚过时滞留在裂纹内部的水。本文结尾给出了一个示例，以说明改进模型的优点。

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