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首页> 外文会议>Conference on Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology V, Aug 22-23, 2002, Waikoloa, Hawaii, USA >A Compact High-Resolution 3-D Imaging Spectrometer for Discovering Oases on Mars~(12)
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A Compact High-Resolution 3-D Imaging Spectrometer for Discovering Oases on Mars~(12)

机译：用于在火星上发现绿洲的紧凑型高分辨率3D成像光谱仪（12）

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Two key infrared instrument components, high resolution silicon grisms and cryogenic image sheers, are being developed at Penn State under NASA support for potential applications in future Mars missions. These new instrument components are planned to be used in a new kind of instrument called a CUBE Machine for detecting and characterizing possible organic compounds on the martian surface through spectroscopically observing martian rocks, soil, and organic matter in IR wavelengths (1-5 μm). It is a compact, robust and light-weight 3D near-IR imaging spectrometer and takes full advantage of these new instrument components to enable an order of magnitude improvement in spectral resolution and observing efficiency and also large simultaneous wavelength coverage (～1-5 μm). Due to high dispersion (n = 3,4), silicon grisms provide at least 2 times higher spectral dispersion than any commercially made grisms. These silicon grisms will be the key elements for making the instrument compact enough to fit into spacecrafts and simultaneously provide high enough spectral resolution to resolve the weak spectral features from organic materials. The reflective imaging slicers enable us to collect spectral information from the Mars surface in three dimensional form - two spatial dimensions and one spectral dimension. This unique capability obviates the need to make many scans to build up the data cube as traditional instruments such as spot scanned spectrometers, or slit scanned spectrometers, resulting in an order of magnitude increase in observing efficiency. In addition, use of the Cube Machine to produce spectral maps of a target body will result in dramatically reduced operational complexity, data processing complexity, and increased geometric fidelity of the final data. With current available large IR arrays such as 2kx2k HgCdTe arrays this new instrument will provide large simultaneous wavelength coverage at high spectral resolution. We have successfully developed silicon grisms with 1 inch in dimension and 54.7 degree in blaze angle. These grisms can provide a diffraction-limited spectral resolution of R ～ 20,000 at 2 μm, which is already high enough for most astrobiology space mission applications. The grisms have very smooth grating facets, with typical rms roughness of ～ 9 nm, indicating a total integrated scattered light level less than 1% in the entire IR wavelengths to allow high precision spectroscopy. The optical design of the image slicers has been finished. The optics required to assemble a prototype image slicer is being procured.
机译：在美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的支持下，宾州州立大学正在开发两个关键的红外仪器组件，即高分辨率硅磨片和低温图像透视仪，以用于未来火星任务的潜在应用。这些新的仪器组件计划用于一种称为CUBE机器的新型仪器中，用于通过光谱观察红外波长（1-5μm）的火星岩石，土壤和有机物来检测和表征火星表面上的可能有机物。 。它是一款紧凑，坚固，轻巧的3D近红外成像光谱仪，并充分利用了这些新型仪器组件的优势，可将光谱分辨率和观测效率提高一个数量级，同时还具有较大的同时波长覆盖范围（约1-5μm） ）。由于分散度高（n = 3,4），硅研磨剂的光谱分散度是任何商业制造的研磨剂的至少2倍。这些硅磨将成为使仪器足够紧凑以适合航天器并同时提供足够高的光谱分辨率以解决有机材料的弱光谱特征的关键要素。反射成像切片器使我们能够从火星表面以三维形式（两个空间维度和一个光谱维度）收集光谱信息。这种独特的功能避免了像传统仪器（如点扫描光谱仪或狭缝扫描光谱仪）那样进行多次扫描以建立数据立方体的需要，从而提高了观察效率。另外，使用立方体机生成目标物体的光谱图将导致操作复杂性，数据处理复杂性和最终数据的几何保真度大大降低。借助当前可用的大型IR阵列（例如2kx2k HgCdTe阵列），该新仪器将以高光谱分辨率提供较大的同时波长覆盖范围。我们已经成功开发了尺寸为1英寸，闪耀角为54.7度的硅磨片。这些摩擦可以在2μm处提供R〜20,000的衍射极限光谱分辨率，对于大多数航天生物学太空任务应用而言，该分辨率已经足够高。磨粒具有非常光滑的光栅面，典型的均方根粗糙度约为9 nm，表明在整个IR波长中总的总散射光水平小于1％，可以进行高精度光谱分析。图像切片器的光学设计已经完成。正在采购组装原型图像切片器所需的光学元件。

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