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首页> 外文会议>Conference on Light and Optics in Biomedicine Oct 23-25, 2000, Warsaw, Poland >METROLOGICAL PROBLEMS WITH NONINVASIVE TRANSILLUMINATION OF LIVING TISSUES
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METROLOGICAL PROBLEMS WITH NONINVASIVE TRANSILLUMINATION OF LIVING TISSUES

机译：活组织无创转染的计量问题

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摘要

Human body tissues are relatively translucent to penetrating light what makes possible to perform the effective transillumination for noninvasive measurements of some biophysical quantities by utilization of tissue optics. However, light is strongly attenuated by different tissue components and only proper processing of the transmitted fraction of light at the wavelengths included in the transillumination window, allows us to acquire measurable electrical signals. Volumes of living body parts are cyclically modulated according to the individual arterial pulsations. As a result, making transillumination of a sufficiently thin layer enables to observe rhythmical changes in light intensity transmitted by such an object. Optical density of blood and other tissues is very high, and so, values of light intensity components which are very low, cause many problems with reliability, sensitivity, and range of the detected selective changes. In order to choose a particular device and serve it properly, end-users of medical monitors should always know their advantages and limitations which can be of biophysical as well as technical nature. A lot of artifacts, noises, and disturbances affect the processing procedures and cause the decrease in useful output signals to be converted. On the other hand, there are many problems with empirical verification on human subjects. It is important to solve such complex questions because all the erroneous responses are potentially dangerous. One of the significant diagnostic problems is to detect global as well as local changes in tissue oxygenation which can appear for a lot of reasons. Basing on some novel light on use of the pulse oximetry idea, a model of the living object exposed to noninvasive transillumination can be considered in order to do technical recommendations useful in practice. Such an approach has been presented in the paper from the metro logical point of view.
机译：人体组织相对于穿透光而言是相对半透明的，这使得利用组织光学器件对某些生物物理量的非侵入式测量进行有效的透照成为可能。但是，光会被不同的组织成分强烈衰减，并且只有对透射光窗口中包含的波长的光的透射部分进行适当的处​​理，我们才能获取可测量的电信号。活体部分的体积根据各个动脉搏动进行周期性调节。结果，对足够薄的层进行透照能够观察到由这样的物体透射的光强度的节奏变化。血液和其他组织的光密度非常高，因此，非常低的光强度分量的值会导致可靠性，灵敏度和检测到的选择性变化范围方面的许多问题。为了选择特定的设备并正确使用它，医疗监护仪的最终用户应始终了解其优势和局限性，这些优势和局限性可能具有生物物理性以及技术性。许多伪像，噪声和干扰会影响处理过程，并导致有用输出信号的转换减少。另一方面，关于人类受试者的经验验证存在许多问题。解决所有复杂的问题非常重要，因为所有错误的响应都有潜在的危险。重要的诊断问题之一是检测由于很多原因而出现的组织氧合的整体和局部变化。基于使用脉搏血氧饱和度测定法的一些新颖见解，可以考虑暴露于无创透照下的活体模型，以提供在实践中有用的技术建议。本文从都市逻辑的角度提出了这种方法。

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