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首页> 外文会议>Conference on Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites VI Sep 23-26, 2002 Agia Pelagia, Crete, Greece >ARES ― A New Reflective / Emissive Imaging Spectrometer for Terrestrial Applications
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ARES ― A New Reflective / Emissive Imaging Spectrometer for Terrestrial Applications

机译：ARES ―用于地面应用的新型反射/发射成像光谱仪

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Airborne imaging spectrometers have a history of about 20 years starting with the operation of AIS in 1982. During the following years, many other instruments were built and successfully operated, e.g., AVIRIS, CASI, DAIS-7915, and HyMap. Since imaging spectrometers cover a spectral region with a large number of narrow contiguous bands they are able to retrieve the spectral reflectance signature of the earth allowing tasks such as mineral identification and abundance mapping, monitoring of vegetation properties, and assessment of water constituents. An essential prerequisite for the evaluation of imaging spectrometer data is a stable spectral and radiometric calibration. Although a considerable progress has been achieved in this respect over the last two decades, this issue is still technically challenging today, especially for low-to-medium cost instruments. This paper introduces a new airborne imaging spectrometer, the ARES (Airborne Reflective Emissive Spectrometer) to be built by Integrated Spectronics, Sydney, Australia, and co-financed by DLR German Aerospace Center and the GFZ GeoResearch Center Potsdam, Germany. This instrument shall feature a high performance over the entire optical wavelength range and will be available to the scientific community from 2004 on. The ARES sensor will provide 160 channels in the solar reflective region (0.45-2.45 μm) and the thermal region (8-13 μm). It will consist of two co-registered optical systems for the reflective and thermal part of the spectrum. The spectral resolution is intended to be between 12 and 15 nm in the solar wavelength range and should reach 150 nm in the thermal. ARES will be used mainly for environmental applications in terrestrial ecosystems. The thematic focus is thought to be on soil sciences, geology, agriculture and forestry. Limnologic applications should be possible but will not play a key role in the thematic applications. For all above mentioned key application scenarios the spectral response of soils, rocks, and vegetation as well as their mixtures contain the valuable information to be extracted and quantified. The radiometric requirements for the instrument have been modeled based on realistic application scenarios and account for the most demanding requirements of the three application fields: a spectral bandwidth of 15 nm in the 0.45-1.8 μm region, and 12 nm in the 2 - 2.45 μm region. The required noise equivalent radiance is 0.005, 0.003, and 0.003 mWcm~(-2) sr~(-1) μm~(-1) for the spectral regions 0.45-1 μm, 1 - 1.8 μm, and 2 - 2.45 μm, respectively. In the thermal region similar simulations have been carried out. Results suggest a required noise equivalent temperature of 0.05 K for the retrieval of emissivity spectra in the desired accuracy. Nevertheless, due to system restrictions these requirements might have to be reduced to 0.1 K in the wavelength range between 8 and 10 μm and 0.1-0.2 K from 10 to 12 μm.
机译：机载成像光谱仪从1982年开始运行AIS以来已有20年的历史。在随后的几年中，许多其他仪器也被制造并成功运行，例如AVIRIS，CASI，DAIS-7915和HyMap。由于成像光谱仪覆盖了具有大量窄连续带的光谱区域，因此它们能够检索地球的光谱反射率特征，从而可以执行诸如矿物识别和丰度测绘，监测植被特性以及评估水成分等任务。评估成像光谱仪数据的基本前提是稳定的光谱和辐射度校准。尽管在过去的二十年中在这方面已经取得了相当大的进步，但是今天这个问题在技术上仍然具有挑战性，尤其是对于中低价位的仪器而言。本文介绍了一种新的机载成像光谱仪，即ARES（机载反射发射光谱仪），该仪器将由澳大利亚悉尼的Integrated Spectronics制造，并由DLR德国航空航天中心和GFZ GeoResearch Center共同资助于德国波茨坦。该仪器应在整个光波长范围内具有高性能，并且将从2004年开始提供给科学界。 ARES传感器将在太阳反射区域（0.45-2.45μm）和热区域（8-13μm）中提供160个通道。它将由两个共同注册的光学系统组成，用于光谱的反射和热部分。光谱分辨率在太阳波长范围内应在12至15 nm之间，在热范围内应达到150 nm。 ARES将主要用于陆地生态系统中的环境应用。人们认为主题重点放在土壤科学，地质学，农业和林业上。 Limnologic应用程序应该是可能的，但不会在主题应用程序中发挥关键作用。对于上述所有关键应用场景，土壤，岩石和植被及其混合物的光谱响应都包含有价值的信息，需要提取和量化。仪器的辐射度要求已根据实际应用场景进行建模，并考虑了三个应用领域中最苛刻的要求：光谱带宽在0.45-1.8μm范围内为15 nm，在2-2.45μm范围内为12 nm区域。对于0.45-1μm，1-1.8μm和2-2.45μm的光谱区域，所需的噪声等效辐射度为0.005、0.003和0.003 mWcm〜（-2）sr〜（-1）μm〜（-1），分别。在热区中，已经进行了类似的模拟。结果表明，以期望的精度检索发射率光谱需要的噪声等效温度为0.05K。但是，由于系统限制，在8至10μm的波长范围内以及从10至12μm的0.1-0.2 K波长范围内，这些要求可能必须降至0.1K。

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