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首页> 外文会议>Conference on Soft X-Ray Lasers and Applications V; Aug 6-7, 2003; San Diego, California, USA >Improved energy coupling into the gain region of the Ni-like Pd transient collisional x-ray laser
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Improved energy coupling into the gain region of the Ni-like Pd transient collisional x-ray laser

机译：改进的能量耦合到类镍Pd瞬态碰撞X射线激光的增益区域中

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摘要

We present within this paper a series of experiments, which yield new observations to further our understanding of the transient collisional x-ray laser medium. We use the recently developed technique of picosecond x-ray laser interferometry to probe the plasma conditions in which the x-ray laser is generated and propagates. This yields two dimensional electron density maps of the plasma taken at different times relative to the peak of the 600ps plasma-forming beam. In another experimental campaign, the output of the x-ray laser plasma column is imaged with a spherical multilayer mirror onto a CCD camera to give a two-dimensional intensity map of the x-ray laser output. Near-field imaging gives insights into refraction, output intensity and spatial mode structure. Combining these images with the density maps gives an indication of the electron density at which the x-ray laser is being emitted at (yielding insights into the effect of density gradients on beam propagation). Experimental observations coupled with simulations predict that most effective coupling of laser pump energy occurs when the duration of the main heating pulse is comparable to the gain lifetime (～10ps for Ni-like schemes). This can increase the output intensity by more than an order of magnitude relative to the case were the same pumping energy is delivered within a shorter heating pulse duration (< 3ps). We have also conducted an experiment in which the output of the x-ray laser was imaged onto the entrance slit of a high temporal resolution streak camera. This effectively takes a one-dimensional slice of the x-ray laser spatial profile and sweeps it in time. Under some conditions we observe rapid movement of the x-ray laser (～ 3μm/ps) towards the target surface.
机译：我们在本文中介绍了一系列实验，这些实验产生了新的观察结果，以进一步了解瞬态碰撞X射线激光介质。我们使用最新开发的皮秒X射线激光干涉测量技术来探测产生X射线激光并在其中传播的等离子体条件。这样就产生了相对于600ps等离子体形成束的峰值在不同时间获取的等离子体的二维电子密度图。在另一个实验活动中，用球面多层反射镜将X射线激光等离子体柱的输出成像到CCD相机上，以给出X射线激光输出的二维强度图。近场成像可洞悉折射，输出强度和空间模式结构。将这些图像与密度图相结合，可以指示出发出X射线激光的电子密度（对密度梯度对光束传播的影响产生了深刻的见解）。实验观察和模拟预测表明，当主加热脉冲的持续时间与增益寿命相当时（对于类似Ni的方案，约为10ps），将发生最有效的激光泵浦能量耦合。相对于在较短的加热脉冲持续时间内（<3ps）传递相同的泵浦能量的情况，这可以使输出强度增加一个数量级以上。我们还进行了一项实验，其中将X射线激光的输出成像到高时间分辨率条纹相机的入口狭缝上。这有效地获取了X射线激光空间轮廓的一维切片并及时对其进行了扫描。在某些条件下，我们观察到X射线激光（〜3μm/ ps）向目标表面快速移动。

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